線上動態物流配送之研究

study of dynamic distribution iNFORMATION SYSTEM

運輸與配送車輛途程問題（Vehicle Routing Problem, VRP），對配送中心一直是個重要課題，配送中心每日根據需求點訂單，安排車隊與途程，然配送問題具有動態特性，此種由派車中心主導派車模式，欠缺與需求點溝通互動，無法即時掌握商品銷售狀況與調整車輛途程。本研究以自營配送鮮乳食品廠商為研究對象，整合行動商務平台與配送資訊系統，建構一個行動物流配送資訊系統，在配送資訊系統部分，考慮正逆向物流配送路線規劃，以作業成本中車輛固定成本、車輛變動成本、配送中心的存貨成本，建構作業總成本目標函數，應用Lingo最佳化軟體，求出最佳配送路線，透過行動平台，以達到需求點與配送中心雙向資訊溝通，可快速與彈性調整車隊途程與降低存貨。本計劃構建一個整合正逆向物流的行動物流資訊系統，對實務界，可以解決生鮮食品產業供應體系中高配送、高逆物流處理成本與降低新鮮食品過期比例等問題；對學術界，本研究提出整合正逆向物流路徑規劃，是種新的嘗試，對於完整供應鏈物流研究，提供一些研究方向與突破。

The vehicle routing problem is an important issue for distribution center(DC). The DC schedules the fleet of vehicles according to the orders. However, under dynamic environment, the order is uncertainly that leads to inefficient vehicle routing. This study integrating mobile commerce platform and distribution network information and establish an on-line distribution information system for fresh food industry. The distribution network model is considering both of forward and reverse logistic in a tour. An operation cost model was proposed which includes three parts namely vehicle fixed cost, vehicle variable cost and inventory cost. Apply the ant algorithm to get nearly optimal routes for vehicles. By two-way communication between DC and the retailers, the vehicles can achieve more efficient tour than traditional method. Through the integrated on-line distribution information system, the logistic problems encountered by fresh food industry can be solved efficiently. For practice, this model can minimize the operation cost, inventory and promotes the delivery process efficiency. For academic, this study provides a new method in design distribution network for integrated forward and reverse Logistic.