博物館合作網絡建構解析

A Study on the Networking of Museum Collaboration

博物館網絡合作的倡議已久，本研究由組織管理的取向切入此一現象，探究博物館網絡合作階層與模式。研究使用半結構式的訪談，研究對象分不同的機構類型共計18位受訪者。研究結果顯示因不同的合作目的將影響館舍涉入深淺及時間長短的不一，而產生不同的合作階層及模式。本研究實證學者所提出的垂直型、主導型與平等型合作網絡外，並發現中介型水平合作網絡，是為本研究之貢獻。研究歸納出四種博物館合作網絡模式：垂直型合作網絡、主導型水平合作網絡、平等型水平合作網絡與中介型水平合作網絡。其中中介型水平網絡與平等型博物館網絡類似，但其核心為中介組織，即輔導團；因其並非存在原本網絡，非屬博物館等常駐單位，無法與館舍形成強連結。博物館網絡運作的型態並受到行政層級一致性的影響。層級一致性越高，則有機會進行垂直式的合作網絡整合；而一致性較低，通常只能進行水平式合作網絡整合。

Museum networks are becoming more common in practice. The author has adopted organizational and management theories to discover more about the network phenomenon. Semi-structured interviews were conducted with 18 practitioners from different organizations. The findings showed that the level of collaboration would be affected by museums' motivations. The author also identified four types of museum networks: vertical networks, dominated networks, equal-partner networks and intermediary networks. Dominated and intermediary networks were similar. However, dominated body in the intermediary networks was counseling group which formed by a private company. The counseling group did not exist in the museum sector. It was impossible to form a strong tie network. The research also showed that museums belong to the same level of government may form a vertical network.