科學博物館策展模式的設計思考

Design Thinking on the Exhibition Model of Science Museum

為了吸引年輕世代的觀眾，革新傳統的溝通模式成了當務之急。科學博物館逐漸確認策展模式中設計思考的重要性。本文以一項科博館的特展案例探討如何運用設計思考在策展過程，將艱澀的科學知識轉化成神奇的展示元素。根據展出期間2010年5月以問卷進行25項展示元素的滿意度（1－10級）、預期感（%）及驚喜感（%）評估，結果顯示：觀眾對博物館內高預期感（≧50%，14項）展示元素的低驚喜感項目較多（≦25%，10項）主要與學習及休憩舒適等有關；而低預期感（≦50%，11項）展示元素的高驚喜感項目較多（≧25%，9項）主要與設計有關。極滿意（≧7.72±1.69）且高驚喜感項目為互動展品的趣味性和參與性、模型的仿真度、環保材質及珍稀魚的活體等；與設計相關的滿意（≧7.52±1.59）項目驚喜感以視覺藝術最高39%，依序為版面美編31%、面板支架30%及空間設計28%。因此，當策展模式採取設計思考觀點並將科學博物館的展示視為跨文化的設計活動，而非僅是科學知識的傳遞媒介，或許多元的展示元素更能在科學家、設計師及觀眾三者間孕育並創造驚喜。

In order to attract the younger generation of museum visitors, an innovation of traditional model of communication has become an urgent priority. The science museum gradually recognizes the importance of design thinking in an exhibition model. In this article, a case study of exhibition in NMNS is investigated. And, how to apply design thinking in the process of exhibition model to transform the abstruse scientific knowledge into the magic exhibition elements is explored, too. The visitor questionnaire is conducted to evaluate the Satisfaction (1-10 point), the Expect Index(%)(EI) and the Surprise Index(%)(SI) for 25 exhibition elements during the middle period of exhibition around May 2010. The results indicated the group of higher EI(≧50%, 14 items) and lower SI(≦25%, 10 items), including the learning and comfortable elements mostly, and the group of lower EI (≦50%, 11 items) and higher SI(≧25%, 9 items), including the designing elements mostly. The elements with the excellent satisfaction (≧7.72±1.69) and the higher SI, are including the fun and the participation of hands-on, the imitation of lifelike models, the green material of exhibition and the rare fish display. The designing elements with the good satisfaction (≧7.52±1.59) and the higher SI, are including the visual arts 39%, the graphic design 31%, the panel structure 30% and the interior design 28%. Therefore, when the exhibition model takes a perspective of design thinking, and regards the exhibition as the cross-cultural activities not only the transmitted media of scientific knowledge in science museum; then, the diverse elements of the exhibition should be nurtured among the scientist, the designer and the visitor to create the surprises.