博物館展示的科學與藝術

The Science and Art of Museum Exhibition

博物館的展示是多門學科與經驗的整合，展示設計的問題不能從單一層面思考，它需要反覆的檢討修正，從科學理性中整理出脈絡，從藝術感性中思辨出創意。而面對作業龐雜、資訊混亂的展示問題，博物館展示規劃設計人必須能夠做彈性的思考，從不同的角度分析探討，以展示科學的知識與方法，理出頭緒循序漸進，以展示藝術的思考與創造，提出新觀點或新取向，使獲致更有價值的結果。本文首先從三個提問：該不該展？要不要罩？適不適當？省思博物館展示問題的多重面向，探討其解決方法之適切性。其次論述思考博物館展示問題的兩個途徑：展示科學與展示藝術，並以展示流程、展示技術、展示架構、展示理念、展示美學、展示創意，進一步闡述展示科學與藝術的內涵。文末提出一個案例：達文西展的啟示，再思博物館展示專業的訓練與養成，並與博物館展示從業人員共勉，自我充實，從實務中獲取經驗，從經驗中需索思辨，建構展示知識理論，在素養與知識的交互轉化中提升能力。

Museum exhibition is a combination of multidiscipline and experience. The problems of exhibition design can not be considered only from one side, they need to be inspected and revised repeatedly. From the side of science rationalization, the context could be arranged; and from the side of art perceptivity, the creativity could be deliberated. It is necessary for an exhibition planning designer to consider flexibly, from the analyses of different points of view, to get things into shape step by step with exhibition scientific knowledge and methods, and to figure out new concepts or new approaches to obtain more valuable consequences with exhibition art consideration and creativity. This article begins with three questions to consider the multi-directions of museum exhibition problems, and to discuss the appropriateness of solving ways. Should we do the exhibition? Do they need covering? Are they appropriate? Then two approaches of museum exhibition problems are discussed, which are exhibition science and exhibition art. Further discussions are followed to expound the meaning of exhibition science and art, with topics of exhibition procedure, exhibition technology, exhibition structure, exhibition concept, exhibition aesthetic, and exhibition creativity. An example of Leonadrdo da Vinci exhibition is addressed in the end, to reconsider the training and development of museum exhibition practice. It is to encourage and to share with colleagues of museum exhibition, to self-discipline always, to get experience from practice and to deliberate from experience, and finally to raise our abilities from the interaction of discipline and knowledge.