公共自行車租賃站最佳區位選擇模式：以高雄市公共自行車為例

AN OPTIMAL LOCATION MODEL FOR THE BICYCLE SHARING SYSTEM: A CASE STUDY OF THE KAOHSIUNG CITY-BIKE SYSTEM

城市的交通運輸系統必須有綜合性的規劃，同時考量都市整體發展並提供民眾無縫轉乘的服務。近年來公共自行車系統被視為新一代的綠能運具，也是無縫運輸中擔任最後一哩的重要角色；租賃站點位的選擇，是建置系統前必須研究的關鍵因素之一，如何選擇適當的地點，提供民眾便捷的租賃與轉乘服務，對於提高民眾使用意願、甚至於提升大眾運輸整體使用率，是相當重要的。針對公共自行車的設置點位問題，本研究考量經營者營運成本及旅客旅行時間成本兩者間的均衡，且假設旅客為隨機抵達的情況下，利用數學規劃方法，發展公共自行車租賃站區位選擇最佳化模式，期能兼顧經營成本與服務品質，使公共自行車成為民眾每日交通運輸所需的第一哩與最後一哩的優先替代運具。

An integrated public transport system should consider its sustainable development and operation by providing seamless services with different modes of transportation. Bicycle sharing systems (BSS) have been considered as one of the most effective means of green transportation and provide first-mile and last-mile services within seamless transportation frameworks. Choosing an optimal location for construction is a key issue to be investigated. In this study, we develop a location model for the determination of optimal rental stations in the City-Bike system where the main objective is to minimize the total system cost of the operator’s operating cost as well as users’ travel cost under stochastic demand. The ultimate goal is to make the BSS become a first- and last-mile feeder system by providing convenient and cost-effective services for transit users.