公路汽車客運路線審議作業空間決策輔助指標之建立與應用

THE ESTABLISHMENT AND APPLICATION OF SPATIAL DECISION SUPPORT INDICATORS FOR THE REVIEW PROCESS OF INTERCITY BUS ROUTES

公路客運審議作業的決策品質良窳攸，關我國公路汽車客運營運環境的健全發展，但現階段囿於輔助資料的不足，常讓審議委員在審議決策過程中僅能仰賴自身的主觀專業判斷。本研究旨在透過審議委員之問卷，了解12項空間分析因素在公路客運路線審議之路線新增、變更及停駛等作業中之重要性與必要性，同時以地理資訊系統之空間分析功能為基礎，整合公路客運、家戶、重要地標及運輸需求資料庫，建立8大項分析指標。經以「竹東－－矺子」路線停駛及「湖口－－高鐵新竹站」路線新增兩個實際案例進行分析，發現本研究所構建指標，可明顯反應公路客運路線存在與否，對可服務人口數、路線重複率、地區運輸需求及時間可及性的影響，將可提升我國公路汽車客運審議作業之空間輔助資訊品質。

The quality of the intercity bus review process is the key factor affecting the healthy development of intercity bus operation environments. However, due to the insufficient decision support information, the reviewers of intercity bus routes are usually forced to make subjective decisions. To enhance the decision quality, this paper developed a questionnaire survey that aims to analyze the importance and necessity of twelve spatial analytical factors in the review processes, such as opening new routes, adjusting extant routes, and retiring old routes. This questionnaire was distributed among members of Intercity Bus Review Committee. In addition, with the spatial analysis capability of Geographic Information System (GIS), eight analytical indices were proposed based on the databases of numerous intercity bus networks, as well as the distribution of residential population, major attractions, and transportation demand. Two sample cases relating to the retirement of the old route, ChuTong-TouZi, and the opening of the new route, HuKau-HSR HsinChu Station, were reviewed. The results show that the proposed indices clearly reflected the effects that the two routes have on the population, ratio of overlapping routes, local transportation demand, and temporal accessibility. The proposed spatial decision support information can be provided as a significant reference in the review process of intercity bus operations.