建立我國軌道行車保安委員會組織之研究

A STUDY ON RESTRUCTURING THE RAILWAY SAFETY AND INVESTIGATION COMMITTEE IN TAIWAN

目前國內軌道事故調查與鑑定工作分別由各營運單位辦理，參考國外文獻，各國為提升軌道運輸安全，均成立軌道專責事故調查機構以進行事故調查與鑑定等工作。其目的除了預防事故發生及提升其安全性外，並期在於專責機構之成立可以確保其獨立性與公信力。惟國內目前軌道事故仍由各營運單位自行調查，一旦發生重大事故時，常被社會大眾質疑其公正性及客觀性；除此本研究亦發現軌道營運單位目前其內部調查作業功能亦未臻完善。本研究採專家問卷調查，在32 份問卷中，回收有效問卷25 份占整體問卷之78.1%，並透過模糊層級分析法 （FAHP） 計算準則之權重與方案評選，其目標為建立我國軌道行車保安委員會之最適方案。評選結果，以「在行政院成立飛航軌道安全委員會」及「在交通部成立軌道行車保安委員會」均為可行之方案，並期能建立我國軌道事故調查與鑑定制度，並對其功能加以釐清，使其能發

After a railway accident occurs in Taiwan, the Railway Safety andInvestigation Committee (RSIC) of each railway authority will proceed with theinvestigation and authentication of the accident independently. From literaturereviews, many countries founded an independent RSIC to investigate andauthenticate the railway accident. The purposes of the RSIC of each country arenot only to prevent railway accidents and to improve railway safety, but also toensure their independence and creditability. However, in case of Taiwan, a fatalaccident is investigated by the internal RSIC of the railway authority. Therefore,the public still question the justice and objectivity of the RSIC. In addition, thisstudy also finds out that the present operation of RSIC is not suitable. This studyemploys the expert questionnaires investigation, which contains 25 effectivequestionnaires out of 32 questionnaires. The Fuzzy Analytic Hierarchy Process(FAHP) is used to analyze the questionnaires so that we can calculate theweights of the criteria and evaluate the alternatives. The objective of this studyis to discover the best alternative for reorganization of RSIC in Taiwan. Theresult shows that to set up a new RSIC under the Executive Yuan or under theMinistry of Communication and Transportation (MOTC) both are acceptablealternatives. If this new institution of RSIC is accepted by the government, thegovernment not only will increase the investigation creditability, but alsoimprove the preventive function of railway safety.