法式滾球投擲動作生物力學技術分析

A Study of Biomechanics of Petanque Techniques

目的：本研究目的為探討並分析法式滾球中，不同投擲距離之上肢運動學特徵。方法：以8名優秀法式滾球選手為研究參與者。藉由三維動作捕捉系統拍攝不同距離之投擲動作，以Nexus動作分析軟體與Matlab程式計算運動學參數並定義動作分期。所獲資料以單因子變異數分析，考驗三種不同投擲距離中，上肢運動學參數之差異，並以Scheffe法進行事後比較（α=.05）。結果：後擺期初始與結束肩關節於8公尺投擲的角度皆達顯著大於6公尺投擲；拋擲期肩關節於8公尺投擲的角速度皆達顯著大於7公尺與6公尺投擲，且7公尺大於6公尺。結論：本研究結果顯示，在法式滾球不同投擲距離中，肩關節動作為控制準確性之主要策略，並限制肘關節之活動度以增進投擲滾球之穩定度。

Purpose: The purpose of this study was aimed to compare and analysis the kinematic characteristics of upper-limb of different throw-distances in Petanque. Methods: A total of 8 elite athletes were recruited in this study. The three-dimensional motion capture system was used to capture the throwing movements at different distances. The Nexus motion analysis software and Matlab computer language were used to calculate the kinematic parameters and define the stages of motion. The one-way ANOVA procedure and Scheffe's method were applied to compare the differences of kinematic parameters among different throw-distances (α = .05). Results: In the back swing stage, the shoulder angle of 8-meter was significantly superior than 6-meter. The shoulder angular velocity were significant differences in the throwing stage (8-meter > 7-meter > 6-meter). Conclusions: The present demonstrated that the movement of shoulder is the dominance of accuracy during throwing. In addition, the range of motion of the elbow was limited to improve the stability.