臺灣新進社會工作者的職場經驗初探

Experiences on Early Professional Development Stage of Social Workers in Taiwan

本研究運用量化調查方法，透過網路問卷蒐集資料，調查時間為2016年4月1日至4月30日，有效問卷為586份。探究的議題有二：（一）台灣新進社工在此專業生涯起始階段的職場經驗；（二）影響該職場經驗的因素。有關職場經驗的整體現象，本研究發現：（一）對於「自我效能程度」，每題平均是6.41（7分表示有信心），故可看出新進社工的專業信心程度仍有改善的空間。（二）對於「角色清晰」，分數較低的三項依次是：「我確信工作所賦予我多少權力」、「我知道如何適當地分配時間」與「我被清楚告知哪些事情需要完成」。（三）對於「角色衝突」，分數較高的三項依次是：「我被指派的任務並無適當的資源支援」、「我做的事情常被某人認可，但其他人卻不認可」與「我做一些沒有必要的事情」。（四）對於壓力部分，38.5%受訪者有較高的壓力。（五）對於「內在工作滿意」，分數較低的三項依次是：「自己的成就」、「工作技能的發展」與「實際要完成的任務」。（六）對於「外在工作滿意」，分數較低的三項依次是：「晉升的機會」、「收入」與「上級的管理與督導狀況」。至於影響職場經驗的因素，控制住其他人口變項，專業教育背景、督導頻率是兩個重要因素。最後，本文對社工學校教育、社工雇主／機構、社工督導等提出建議，以共同協助新進社工進入職場以及專業生涯的發展。

The focus of this study is to investigate the experiences of social workers in their early professional development stage. The on-line survey was conducted and the number of valid respondents were 586. The main findings as follows：（1）for the aspect of self-efficacy, the level of professional confidence still needs to be developed.（2）For role clarity, authority use, time management and job requirements were the major issues.（3）For role conflict, lack of resources, inconsistent acceptance and unnecessary tasks were the major concerns.（4）38.5% of respondents expressed they were under pressure which may affect their health.（5） For intrinsic job satisfaction, social workers needed more opportunities to cultivate a sense of achievement, to develop job skills and complete tasks. （6）For extrinsic job satisfaction, the issues of salary, promotion, and supervision were raised by social workers. Besides, social work education background and the frequencies of supervision were the two most critical factors affecting social workers' workplace performance. Finally, practice and policy recommendations for professional educators, employers, and supervisors were presented.