談論元結構和引介策略：從客語非典處置「將」字句談起

On Argument Structures and Introducing Strategies: A Case Study of Noncanonical Disposal jiong in Sixian Hakka

本文討論臺灣四縣客家話兩類「將」字句──典型處置式以及非典處置式，並和國語相互參照，探討論元結構和論元引介策略。本文利用製圖理論 （cartographic approach;Rizzi 1997; Cinque 1999），為「將」字句繪製一幅地貌圖 （topography），清晰呈現「將」運用了兩類論元引介模式，不僅能透過輕動詞結構 （vP; Huang 1997; Lin 2001），體現常規論元；同時能利用施用結構 （ApplP; Pylkkänen 2002; McGinnis 2005），引介非典論元，擴充固有論元結構。「將」字句一系列的不對稱現象反映了句法層次、語義詮釋緊密的對應關係。本文以客家話非典處置式為研究起點、比較語法為研究方法，考察語言如何靈活運用引介策略，成就論元結構繁中有序的語法語義互動。

This paper presents a syntactic account for the disposal-affective jiong 將 constructions in Sixian Hakka, investigating two types of argument-introducing strategies and a topography of the vP periphery under the cartographic approach (Rizzi 1997; Cinque 1999). Our aim is to offer a topography of Sixian Hakka jiong to empirically capture the interpretation and distribution of the disposal-affective alternation. Theoretically, two argument-licensers are involved, namely the light verb (v 0; Huang 1997; Lin 2001) and the head of an Applicative phrase (Appl0; Pylkkänen 2002; McGinnis 2005). The argument introduced in jiong-construal illustrates a close mapping between the syntactic distribution and the semantic interpretation. The dual status of jiong, v 0 and Appl0, provides a testing ground to explore the argumentlicensing strategies in a language presenting flexibility in argument structure.