「我們就是喪屍」：《陰屍路》中的喪屍末日與再創生

“We Are the Walking Dead”: The Zombie Apocalypse and the Second Origin in The Walking Dead Series

本文拜好萊塢歷年拍攝的喪屍電影所賜，發源自海地農場的喪屍可說是最深植於大眾想像中的當代怪物之一。喬治．羅米洛的《活死人之夜》與其後的系列電影奠定了幾項日後喪屍類型作品一再援引衍異的主題，包括喪屍生啖活人將其轉變為喪屍的設定以及影響深遠的末日主題；喪屍形象以及喪屍末日迫使我們重新思考的，是存在樣態與相應之社會組構的問題；而後喪屍末日所可能再創造的，也是新的存在樣態與社會組構。貫穿美國《陰屍路》影集的主題正是喪屍末日之後「人」如何存在，如何形成群體，如何在時間的再次開展中進行重新創造；而其主角所強調的「我們就是喪屍」與羅米洛「他們就是我們」宣言中批判人類退化為喪屍的意味不同，要求的是一種超越人的本位主義的新視角。本文主張《陰屍路》影集展演了德勒茲所說的再創生，讓我們看見喪屍末日特有的時間性如何讓「可能如何活」的想像與實驗一再持續下去的條件，帶動了穿透既有社會形式且迫使再創造發生的游牧力量。本文借助德勒茲差異哲學理論化喪屍末日的可能性，同時重新檢視《陰屍路》片段，以凸顯其間對重新創造超越人文主義之世界與社群的倫理要求。

Since its migration from Haiti farms to Hollywood movie screens in the 1940s, thezombie has gradually risen to prominence as the modern monster which most captures thepopular imagination. George Romero’s Dead Series has established some of the themeswidely adopted and elaborated by later additions to the zombie genre, including thezombification of human beings who get bitten by one and the advent of apocalypse as anultimate result of the zombie plague. The ambiguous living-dead nature of zombies andthe all-sweeping zombie apocalypse portrayed in these zombie movies prompt theinvestigation into what kind of existence the human lives as well as the social structureand social reality such an existence presupposes. Just over the horizon of a certainpost-zombie-apocalyptic scenario, as depicted in the ABC TV series The Walking Dead,are newly emerging modes of existence and notions of community. While Romero makesone of his characters declare that zombies are us, or more correctly, regressed or corruptedhuman beings, with the intention of making the Dead Series a criticism of contemporarysociety, the acknowledgement that we are the walking dead in The Walking Dead seriessuggests a future which demands certain non-human-centered perceptions. This paperseeks to interpret The Walking Dead series as an example of what Gilles Deleuzedesignates “the second origin” where everything begins again in the temporality of theuntimely. Faced with the differences which unsettle what “is,” the characters in the series,rising to the ethical test of the second origin, keep experimenting on how one might liveand creating new concepts of living and community which may open out into newterritories for them to take off on a nomadic adventure.