社區休閒教育方案對高齡者休閒態度之影響

Influence of Community-Based Leisure Education Program on Leisure Attitude for Elder People

老化是持續變化的過程，其影響個體的生理、心理、社會連結之狀態。有些高齡者難以適應因老化所帶來的變化，而使健康情況失衡。而休閒能作為生活中的緩衝劑，幫助個體適應環境，但少有高齡者對休閒有正確的認知與積極的態度，使之休閒參與率低。而休閒教育透過有系統、組織的方式，傳遞正確的休閒知識與態度，幫助參與者了解休閒價值與內涵。本研究探討休閒教育對高齡者休閒態度的影響，透過教育方案的介入是否能顯著改變參與者的休閒態度。本研究採單組前後測設計，研究對象來自新北市新莊社區與臺北市萬和社區的自願參與者，符合條件並完成前測、後測者有20名。休閒教育方案配合社區體能活動，為期3個月，每星期1~2次，每次15~30分鐘的教育課程。資料的收集則使用休閒態度量表進行收集，並以無母數相依樣本分析之。根據統計結果，參與者總體的休閒態度與休閒認知部分有顯著的改變。結果發現，休閒教育方案提供的資訊與傳遞的概念有益於參與者的休閒態度培養與正向的休閒觀念建立，但休閒情意與休閒行為則需要更長時間的培養。

Aging is a progress of continuous changing that affects our physical, mental, and social condition. Some elder people are unable to adapt to the changes, so their health condition become unbalance or worse. Leisure can be used as a buffer in our life and it helps individuals adapt to environment. However, few elder people possess a positive attitude and knowledge toward leisure. Most people think that leisure is similar to laziness, so that elder people are passive and low activity participation. Leisure education teaches elder people what the leisure is, and delivers the positive leisure attitude. This study aimed to understand the influence of community based leisure education program on leisure attitude for elder people through an intervention program. The one-grouppretest posttest design was employed. The volunteers of the study are from communities at Xinxhuang Dist., New Taipei City and Wenshan Dist., Taipei City. There are 20 participants accepted the 12 weeks leisure education intervention. The data were collected by Leisure Attitude Scale and analyzed by nonparametric statistics of dependent simples. According to statistical results, the change degree of the leisure attitude and the leisure cognitive condition are significant. In conclusion, leisure education is potentially beneficial for the information and concept of leisure education are good for the development and establishment of positive leisure attitude for elder people.