從公司與顧客的認知價值初探企業潛在無形資產：以自然語言處理的方法為應用

Exploring Corporate Latent Intangible Assets in Firms' and Customers' Perceived Values: The Application of Natural Language Processing

近年無形資產成為創造企業競爭優勢的重要關鍵之一，也使得非財務資訊成為探索企業無形資產的重要管道。現階段公司資產價值的評價方式大多數採用量性方法進行衡量。本研究則嘗試透過企業關係人的第一手資訊，公司年報的「致股東報告書」及消費者的網路口碑，以HTC 為分析個案，從2009 年至2013 年高、低銷售成長期間的非財務資訊，考察企業與顧客的認知價值，從中發掘HTC 獲利的潛在無形資產所在。另外為了考察其資產價值的真實性，本研究進一步檢討該無形資產的價值表現與產品銷售量之間的關聯性，其結果發現企業與顧客的認知價值差距越小，其資產價值越能反應公司的經營績效。本研究希望可以提供企業價值探索的另一種方法途徑。

In recent years, intangible assets have become a key factor in the creation ofcompetitive advantages by enterprises. Nonfinancial information has become acrucial means to explore enterprises’ intangible assets. Currently, quantitativeapproaches are typically adopted to evaluate and measure an enterprise’s assets.However, this study sought to explore an enterprise’s intangible assets by adoptingqualitative methods, namely, by using first-hand information obtained fromenterprise stakeholders, the enterprise’s annual reports to shareholders, andconsumers’ online word-of-mouth. This study hoped to provide a new researchmethod for the exploration of enterprises’ asset values. To clearly understand theapproach to and results of using nonfinancial information to explore intangibleassets, HTC was adopted as a study case, and an analysis of its nonfinancialinformation during the period of high sales growth from 2009 to 2013wasperformed. By examining and comparing enterprise values and customer values, this study determined HTC's crucial assets that can be acquiring profits. Moreover,to understand the authenticity of the profit from asset values, this studyinvestigated the relationship between asset value performance and product sales.The results showed that when the gap between the enterprise’s and the customers’perceptions of asset values is small, asset values reflect an enterprise’s operationperformance and can serve as an approach for exploring and observing enterprisevalue.