評論十二年國民基本教育課綱中的人權教育

On Human Rights Education in Taiwan's Curriculum Guidelines for 12-Year Basic Education

本文的目的在於檢視十二年國教中所規劃的人權教育，並以《議題融入說明手冊》中所規劃的人權教育內容與實施方式作為評論的對象。十二年國教的人權教育彰顯人權的普世性，且教導學生尊重多元與差異，是值得肯定的方向。然而，從學習的內容來看，仍有一些基本的問題極待補強，包括對《世界人權宣言》與《兒童權利公約》的教學不足，不重視對人權侵害的認識，忽略國家在人權保障上應負擔的義務，在引領學生採取行動時缺乏具權利意識的指導等。在實施的方法上，以融入的方式進行人權教育，雖然在理論上沒有問題，但在實踐上卻必須先行建構人權教育的主體性，否則在融入各個學科領域的過程當中，就會因為破碎而終至無以培養人權教育所追求的價值。

This paper, focusing on The Handbook of Integrating Issues to the Curricula, aims at reviewing the human rights education (HRE) proposed in the Curriculum Guidelines for 12-Year Basic Education in Taiwan. Since the Guidelines advocate the universality of human rights and instruct students to respect diversity and difference, they are on the right way. But some problems exist in the contents, including inefficient instruction for the Universal Declaration of Human Rights and the UN Convention on the Rights of the Child, taking little account of teaching students to acknowledge the violation of human rights, ignoring the state's obligation to protect human rights, and lacking rights-based approaches when leading students to under take human rights actions. In addition to the problems mentioned above, the pedagogical strategy, that is integrating HRE into varied curricula, might fail to convey human rights values to students because of the failure to take HRE itself into account in the Guidelines.