工地無國界：尋找工殤紀念碑裡的移工

Construction Site without National Borders: Looking for Names of Migrant Workers on Monuments to Injured Workers in Taiwan

來台移工擔負困難、辛苦、危險的勞動，職災死亡率遠高過平均比例，但他們的付出可曾留下足以佐證的歷史記錄？本文檢視台灣自1990 年引進移工以來的工殤碑，透過文獻及新聞搜尋分析、現場實地探墈、連絡訪查建碑單位，以確認碑址、碑文及立碑由來，目前共計確認五個工殤碑留有移工姓名。從明清治理、日本殖民、到國民政府來台，台灣的重大公共工程結束後建碑祭祀總伴隨著對工程成果的禮贊，既是撫慰亡者犧牲，也維持了政權擴張的合法性。來台移工被政策性地排除在台灣的國族認同之外，紀念移工就挑戰了原有紀念碑內含「為國犧牲」的政治意涵。移工工殤碑的基進政治性，就在於其揭露全球化的不平等：獲利的跨國財團並非公共利益，受害的東南亞移工也不是為國犧牲，營造工地上的勞資剝削早已跨越國界。

Migrant workers undertake difficult, dirty, and dangerous jobs in Taiwan, and their mortality rate of occupational injuries is above average. Is their contribution recorded? By a study of relevant literature and a review of documents and on-site field fieldwork, I discovered five monuments listing migrant workers' names since 1989, when they first came to Taiwan. Through the Ming and Qing dynasties, Japanese colonization, and the ROC in Taiwan, monuments for workers who died on public construction sites were always accompanied by praise for the results of the project. Therefore, the previous monuments aimed not only to comfort the dead, but also to maintain the legitimacy of the expansion of the regime. Nowadays, the commemoration of migrant workers is a challenge to the political patriotic connotations of the monument as a ＂sacrifice for the country＂ since they are politically excluded from the national identity of Taiwan. Here migrant workers' monuments expose the inequality of globalization. Profits of transnational consortia are not in the public interest, and the death of migrant workers from Southeast Asian is not a ＂sacrifice for the country＂. Exploitation of labor has crossed national borders.