美國，安全化與九二共識：安全論述與誇大威脅，2011-2012

The U.S. Securitization of the 1992 Consensus–Security Speech Acts and Threat Inflation, 2011-2012

在2011-2012年之間，「九二共識」的普遍了解是一個兩岸安全的議題。然而，我的論點是，九二共識並不是一個天生的安全議題，而是經由美國「安全化」的論述做為而建構成為一個安全議題。在2000-2008年之間，九二共識是一個圍繞在「一個中國」定義上的政治議題。然而，2012年臺灣總統大選期間，美國賦予九二共識一個安全邏輯，其做法為聲稱一個沒有九二共識的兩岸關係會變成不穩定與緊張。經由美國的議題連結或者語言技巧，九二共識原本的政治意義消去，而成為一個安全議題。我同時主張，美國的安全化作為誇大中國對臺灣的威脅。歷史經驗顯示，兩岸關係緊張導致於臺灣的獨立舉動，而非臺灣拒絕九二共識。

During 2011-2012, the “1992 Consensus” was understood as relating to the cross-Strait security situation. Yet, I argue that the 1992 Consensus was not intrinsically a security problem but rather became one through U.S. acts of securitization. While the 1992 Consensus was originally seen as a political issue, the United States brought a security logic to bear on it by arguing that cross-Strait relations would likely become unstable should the 1992 Consensus be denied. As a result of the issue linkage or rhetorical framing, what once had been a political formula came to be underst ood in Taiwan as a security issue. I also argue that the U.S. securitization of the 1992 Consensus was a discursive practice that inflated Chinese threats to Taiwan. A comparative-historical analysis reveals that what causes cross-Strait tensions is Taipei’s adoption of pro-independence policies that provoke China rather than Taipei’s rejection of the 1992 Consensus.