臺灣報紙對空難新聞報導之研究──以復興臺北空難與華航澎湖空難為例

A Research on Air Crash News of Taiwan Newspapers

本研究以臺灣四大報（蘋果日報、聯合報、中國時報、自由時報）作為樣本，分析相距12年的兩大空難事件：2015年初的復興臺北空難，以及2002年中的華航澎湖空難，檢視臺灣報紙在新聞報導體裁、新聞報導框架主題、新聞報導主角、新聞報導方向、空難新聞責怪對象，以及主要與次要消息來源等方面，經過12年的時間淬煉，臺灣報紙在處理災難新聞報導的方式是否有所不同。本研究運用內容分析法探討，研究結果發現，相距12年的復興臺北空難以及華航澎湖空難對於新聞報導框架主題、新聞報導主角、新聞報導方向、空難新聞責怪對象，以及主要與次要消息來源等均有差異，臺灣媒體在處理重大災難新聞時，除了應避免媒體藉由災難渲染過度商業化，更應該做到告知與警示功能並重，且增加深度分析報導與專題，記者平時也應多吸收各種專業資訊，強化報導的說服力與專業性，亦有助於提升閱聽人對空難的警覺性。

In 2015, a plane of the TransAsia Airways crashed in Taipei. Back in 2002, a similar event happened when a plane of China Airlines crashed in Penghu. In order to understand if the Taiwanese newspapers have changed the way they report disaster news during the past decade, content analysis concerning the genres of news stories, the themes of the news frame, the leading roles in the news reports, the directions of the news reports, the main sources, and the secondary sources was conducted in this research, using samples from the four major Taiwanese newspapers, the Apple Daily, the United Daily News, the China Times, and the Liberty Times. Results indicate that the way Taiwanese newspapers report disaster news in 2015 differs from 12 years ago in several respects, including the genres of news stories, the themes of the news frame, the leading roles in the news reports, the directions of the news reports, the main source, and the secondary source. Based on the results, the researcher suggests that when dealing with important disaster news, the Taiwanese media should avoid exaggeration for commercial purposes. Moreover, reporters should play the important role of informing and warning, and they should report news stories in depth. Additionally, reporters should always reinforce the quality of their reports and make sure that disaster news contains important information for the audience.