流動的成年禮：中國西南的毒品與愛滋病

Navigating Youthfulness: Heroin and AIDS in Southwest China

愛滋病可視為人類史上全球化程度至深且廣的一種流行病。但它在不同地區或人群間的傳播型態與應對方式卻極具差異。本文分析諾蘇年輕男子性別認同與生命轉型的過程，理解為何自1990年代以來，中國四川省境內一個貧窮偏遠、高海拔的少數民族聚落，成為海洛因與愛滋病問題的重災區。經過長達二十個月的民族誌田野調查，本研究認為這些問題之所以會出現，是當代中國面臨劇烈政治經濟變遷，由於文化衝擊與族群對立關係等複雜因素的糾葛，加上年輕人在生命轉型過程中發展主體性的嘗試時，所出現的一個不幸撞擊結果。這個複雜的社會過程突顯出一種全球的流行病，在多元文化的社會中可能出現的多重面貌。

HIV/AIDS is regarded as one of the most globalized epidemics in human history. Yet its transmission patterns and the social responses to it have been diverse among various localities and peoples. By examining the masculine identity and life transitions among male youths, this article seeks to answer why the Nuosu people in high mountains of Sichuan Province in Southwest China has a disproportionately large number of heroin users and HIV positive individuals relative to other peoples since the 1990s. Based on over twenty months of ethnographic research in a rural community, this research posits these problems as an unfortunate consequence of a highly complex social process in which drastic political economic changes, cultural and ethnic conflicts, as well as rising individuality among the young are intertwined. This convoluted social process illustrates a distinct case of the so-call AIDS pandemic in a multicultural and multiethnic society.