臺灣病壽性C 型肝炎流行情形及預防策略

Epidemiology and Prevention Strategies of Hepatitis C in Taiwan

臺灣C型肝炎病毒感染人數僅次於B型肝炎，估計C型肝炎的感染人數約40-60萬人。有鑑於臺灣為C型肝炎高盛行率地區，衛生福利部刻正研擬「病毒性肝炎防治計劃」，主要由國民健康署、疾病管制署、中央健康保險署共同執行。其中由疾病管制署推動辦理急性C型肝炎之預防工作，防治策略包括：強化急性C型肝炎疾病監測效能、落實醫療機構感染管制措施、提升愛滋病指定醫院照護品質、推動靜脈藥癮者清潔針具計畫及提升社會大眾C型肝炎認知等策略，以降低急性C型肝炎之傳播。本篇文章透過全球及臺灣C型肝炎流行概況與監測現況之探討、剖析急性C型肝炎防治所面臨的困難及挑戰，闡述急性C型肝炎防治重點及具體策略，希望藉此提升社會大眾對於台灣急性C型肝炎防治政策制訂脈絡的認識，並引發對於C型肝炎防治更多的重視與關注。世界衛生組織於2016年正式提出「2016-2021年全球衛生部門病毒性肝炎策略」，並宣示2030年病毒性肝炎防治的全球目標，台灣病毒性肝炎防治策略須與世界接軌，未來需更強化跨機構及部門協調及分工，促進政府與產官學界及民間團體或企業合作與資源整合，提升肝炎防治量能，讓C型肝炎不再是國內主要的公共衛生威脅。

Taiwan is a highly prevalent area of hepatitis C. It is estimated that 400,000-600,000 individuals are infected with hepatitis C virus which is second to hepatitis B. Therefore, the Taiwan Ministry of Health and Welfare is formulating ＂Viral Hepatitis Prevention Program＂. In the program, the prevention strategies include: (1) Strengthening acute hepatitis C surveillance function; (2)Implementing medical infection control measures in medical institutions; (3) Promoting medical care quality in designated HIV/AIDS hospitals; (4)Executing Harm Reduction Program and Needle-Syringe Program; and (5) Health education for the public. In this article, we focus on the implementation of hepatitis C policies in Taiwan and how to let the policies known by the public. WHO has proposed the 2016-2021 Global Health Sector Strategies of viral hepatitis. For keeping pace with global community, we need to coordinate among government, academic and non-government organization to make the prevention strategies of viral hepatitis feasible. Finally, we expect that hepatitis C will not be a major public health threaten in Taiwan.