國民中學八年級學生拒吸二手菸之相關因素探討：以新竹市為例

The investigation of factors related to refuse second-hand smoke in junior high school 8th-grade students

本研究旨在應用跨理論模式探討國中學生拒吸二手菸之相關因素，在不同改變階段是否有不同的知識、改變過程、決策權衡和自我效能，以了解國中學生在不同改變階段之差異。本研究以新竹市國民中學八年級生為研究母群體，採分層集束抽樣，以自填式問卷蒐集資料，發出871 份問卷，回收650 份問卷，有效問卷回收率為70.50%。研究結果發現，研究對象有30.60%在無意圖期，17.60%在意圖/準備期，13.80%在行動期，38.00%在維持期。維持期的國中生在二手菸知識、改變過程、決策權衡利益及自我效能之得分最高，其次是行動期、意圖/準備期，最後是無意圖期；決策權衡障礙得分在各改變階段之間相似。不分性別、雙親教育程度愈高、不曾吸菸者、未和吸菸者同住者及沒有朋友吸菸者，對拒吸二手菸相關因素之看法愈正向。本研究支持跨理論模式在國中八年級學生拒吸二手菸之應用性，期能提供教師、學校及未來研究之參考，喚起國中生對預防吸二手菸的重視。

The aim of the study was to assess the transtheoretical model to the relevant factors of rejecting secondhand smoke among junior high school students. We examined whether students in different stages of change had different knowledge, processes of change, decisional balance and self-efficacy. Stratified cluster sampling method was conducted. We adopted self-administered questionnaire. A total of 871 questionnaires are sent returning 650 valid questionnaires and the rate of return is 70.5%. 30.6% of the participants are at the precontemplation stage, 17.6% are at the contemplation/preparation stage, 13.8% are at action stage, and 38.0% are at the maintenance stage. Junior high school students at the action stage scored the highest in knowledge of second-hand smoke, processes of change, pros of decisional balance and self-efficacy, followed by participants at the maintenance stage and those at the contemplation/preparation stage ,and finally counterparts at the precontemplation stage. The scores of cons of decisional balance show similarities in all stages.Participants had more positive performances regarding secondhand smoke if both genders of them had the higher levels of parent educational attainment, were non-smokers, did not living with smoker, and had non-smoking friends. We supported that the application of the transtheoretical model in studying the rejecting secondhand smoke among junior high school students. With the increase of knowledge, the use of processes of change, decisional balance, and self-efficacy, participants will be able to pay more attention on preventing secondhand smoke.