海外華文教育與中華文化

Overseas Chinese Education and Chinese Culture

中華文化需要以華文教育為媒介，才能在華人社會中成長。早期的海外華文教育一般是指在僑居國興辦傳授中華民族語言文化的教育，係隨著華僑、華人社會而產生的。惟自第二次世界大戰後，海外僑社產生了變化，原有落葉歸根的觀念轉變為就地生根的打算、教育水準提高，且為了生存和發展，必須融入當地主流社會，而將居住國的官方語文當作第一語文。因此，海外華文教育要發展就必須進行改革，不能僅停留在僑民教育的教學體制上，必須要適應居住國的教育發展。本文試圖探討第二次世界大戰後，僑胞在臺灣接受華文教育及主要居住國的華文教育情形。並從晚近華文教育興盛後，兩岸政府在相同的中華文化維護與推廣之目標下，如何在華文教育方面從競爭走向合作，提出建議，以達到兩岸雙贏的局面。

Chinese culture through Chinese language instruction has been well constructed and developed among the overseas Chinese communities. Traditional overseas Chinese education has mainly focused on teaching Chinese language and culture provided by the overseas Chinese communities in the countries abroad. After World War II, overseas Chinese communities have gone through some drastic changes from going back to their home country to having roots in the country abroad. For their advanced education and career planning, they must be emerged in the local mainstream society and learning the official language as their L1. Thus, overseas Chinese education of language and culture must be reformed in systems and institutes to cope with their countries abroad. This paper attempts to explore overseas Chinese education of language and culture both abroad and in Taiwan. Moreover, because of the prosperities of both sides of Taiwan straits, overseas Chinese education has bloomed and grown. In order to reach the win-win polices, we can cooperate our overseas Chinese education both in language and culture among the Chinese communities all over the world.