五專新生之健康體適能研究——以美和科技大學為例

Health-Related Fitness of the First Grade Students in 5-year Junior College in Meiho University

研究目的有二，一是比較五專新生健康體適能與教育部健康體適能常模之差異；二是比較五專各科新生健康體適能與教育部健康體適能常模之差異，研究對象為美和科技大學105 學年度五專入學新生381 位，包含：護理科（n=209）、美容科（n=44）、餐旅科（n=72）、觀光科（n=56）等四科學生，研究方法為健康體適能之檢測，檢測內容分別為身高、體重、坐姿體前彎、立定跳遠、一分鐘仰臥起坐、800 公尺或1600 公尺跑走，資料分析採用描述性統計、單一樣本t 檢定等，研究結果：一、五專男性新生之身高高於教育部常模平均值，但1600 公尺跑走能力低於教育部常模平均值；五專女性新生之體重高於教育部常模平均值，在坐姿體前彎、立定跳遠及仰臥起坐之能力優於教育部常模平均值，但800 公尺跑走能力低於教育部常模平均值。二、五專男性新生方面，餐旅科新生之心肺耐力低於教育部常模平均值；五專女性新生方面，護理科學生之體重高於教育部常模平均值，坐姿體前彎及仰臥起坐高於教育部常模平均值，心肺適能低於教育部常模平均值；觀光科學生之坐姿體前彎低於教育部常模平均值，仰臥起坐之高於教育部常模平均值；餐旅科學生之立定跳遠高於教育部常模平均值，心肺適能低於教育部常模平均值。結論：五專女性新生之坐姿體前彎、立定跳遠及仰臥起坐優於教育部常模平均值，五專男性及女性新生之1600 公尺及800 公尺跑走能力低於教育部常模平均值，建議未來應該強化五專新生之心肺適能訓練，如：跑步、快走、游泳、跳繩、有氧舞蹈、水中有氧等課程內容，以提升學生之心肺適能水準。

The purposes of this investigation were to understand the health-related fitness ofthe new students in 5-year junior college in Meiho University, and to compare it of thedepartments with the norms of health-related fitness from the Ministry of Education inTaiwan. The subjects were 381 new students who entrance those departments ofNursing, Beauty Science, Hospitality Management, and Tourism in Meiho Universityin 2016. The method was the measurement of health-related fitness, and those contentswere height, weight, sit and reach test, board jump, one-minute sit-ups, and 800-meterrun or 1600-meter run. These data were collected and analyzed by descriptivestatistics , and one sample t-test. The results were as in the following: a) the height ofthe male students was higher than the norm of the health-related fitness from theMinistry of Education (M.E.), and the ability of 1600-meter run was lower than it. Inaddition, the weight of the female students was higher than the norm of thehealth-related fitness from M. E., the abilities of the sit and reach test, board jump,one-minute sit-ups were better than them of the health-related fitness, and the ability of800-meter run was lower than it of the health-related fitness. b) The ability forone-minute sit-ups of the male Nursing students was lower than it of the health-relatedfitness from the Ministry of Education. The weight of the male Tourism students waslower than it of the health-related fitness. The ability for cardi0respiratory fitness of thefemale Hospitality Management students was lower than it of the health-related fitness.Furthermore, the abilities for the sit and reach test, and one-minute sit-ups of thefemale Nursing students were better than them for the health-related fitness, and theability of 800-meter run was lower than it. The ability to sit and reach test of thefemale Tourism students was lower than it of health-related fitness, and the ability forone-minute sit-ups was higher than it. The ability for board jump of the femaleHospitality Management students was better than it of health-related fitness, and theability for 800-meter run was lower than it. In conclusion, the abilities of the male andfemale students in 1600-meter and 800-meter run were lower than them on thehealth-related fitness of the Ministry of Education in Taiwan. It advised that it neededto add those programs to improve the ability of cardiorespiratory fitness of the newstudents in 5-year college, such as running, walking, swimming, aerobic dancing, andwater aerobic activities in Meiho University.