台灣古典詩之微觀研究嘗試──以戴潮春事變初期之陳肇興詩作為例

The Micro-Examination Attemp for theTaiwanese Classical Poem:Take Chen Chao-hsing’s Poetry that Writed in Dai Chao-Chun Emergency Initial Period as the Example

台灣古典詩文的研究在近10年來頗有異軍突起之勢，率先研究的前輩學者專家們不僅呈現出優秀傑出的成果，更引領著學術新血繼續在此領域辛勤耕耘而開花結果。回顧與展望之際，筆者認為「微觀」或曰「細讀」應是值得肯定的研究方法，而本論文設定的實際操作對象陳肇興（1831-1866？）是台灣清領時期中部地區的重要詩人，牽涉到的戴潮春事變（1862-1864）則為台灣史上歷時最久的民變，詩人親歷其事，且身處戴軍的核心地帶，寫下許多極具現實精神的詩作，在台灣古典詩史上的社會動亂／戰爭主題書寫方面，不管就詩作數量與深入程度而言，陳肇興堪稱無人出其右。筆者挑選從「戴案爆發前夕」一直到「陳肇興萌發謀刺戴潮春的想法」之前的47首詩作做為研究焦點，經過細緻探討詩中運用的典故、破譯其背後的文化符碼、與其他相關歷史文獻相互比較之後，得以體會他詩作中的深刻意涵與言外之意，並與其他學者針對相關議題進行對話／辯證，進而重新發掘這些詩作的歷史與文學價值、讓詩人的真正面貌清楚顯現，更藉此而對先前的研究成果進行再思考與再考證，庶幾得以呈顯此一研究方法的重要性所在。

Over the past ten years recently, the research of the classicalliterature of Taiwan had very outstanding achievement. Theolder generation’s scholars not merely issued many remarkableachievements, they also continued leading young scholarsdiligently, obtain the rich harvest. At reviews and prospects,the “microview” or the “read in detail” should be worthy to beapprove. The practical operation target of this thesis is ChenChaoHsing (1831-1866?), the important poet in middle part ofTaiwan in Ching Dynasty. He has gone through the incidentof Dai ChaoChun, the longest (1862-1864) mass uprising in thehistory of Taiwan. Chen lived for 2 years in the key-area of Dai’ssphere of influence, wrote a lot of very naturalistic poems at thattime, recorded this incident by his porms. About the theme ofsocial turmoils and wars in classical poems of Taiwan , Chen is allchampions in the quantity or deepness of the poems. I selected47 poems and makes them for focus of studying. They were writedin the period from “shortly before the incident breaking out”until “Chen ploted to assassinate Dai”. This paper investigats theallusions used in the poems, analyses the cultural codes, explainstheir background, makes use of relevant historical documents,realizes deep meanings between Chen’s poems, discusses withother scholars, explores the literary and historical value of thesepoems, finds the poet’s real appearance clearly, and examinesthe previous research results again. Finally, I hope the importanceof this kind of research approach can be valued.