台灣街屋與中國廣東騎樓之比較研究：以建築法規對傳統街屋騎樓影響為例

Reflexive Community Empowerment: Geographical Imagination of Practice

本研究旨在探求台粵兩地騎樓式街屋在不同建築法規的規範下，對於兩地騎樓的生成與發 展產生何種影響。本文透過兩地騎樓法規的分析，並配合實際的田野調查，得以釐清兩地騎樓 與騎樓法規發展之異同及影響。具體之研究成果如下： 1. 台粵兩地的騎樓法規雖有部分差異，但皆以「便利行人而益衛生」的觀點來推動騎樓 建設。目前在台灣地區由於承襲日治時期制定之騎樓法規，因此騎樓式建築仍持續建 設；相對的，廣東地區則於1930年代減緩該類型建築之建設。 2. 為使騎樓適應在地風土氣候，兩地均以「地域性」的原則來訂定騎樓的尺度，同時為 了增加行人通行的順暢，皆加寬騎樓步幅的寬度。在騎樓高度方面，台灣考量地震的 因素抑制了騎樓的高度，廣東則可挑高至二樓。 3. 兩地規定均於「私地內」建設騎樓並供公眾使用，違規占用時皆有相關禁令與罰則。 另為加速騎樓之興建，台灣以騎樓不納入建築面積做為獎勵；而廣東則以費用貼補來 鼓勵騎樓之興建。

This study investigates the effect of architectural law on the development of five-foot ways of shophouses in Guangdong Province and Taiwan. Through analysis of five-foot way law and field investigation, this study clarified the development of five-foot ways and legal influences in both locations, including differences and similarities. This study obtained the following results: 1. Although five-foot way law differs between Taiwan and Guangdong, both regions promote five-foot way construction, in order to “promote health benefits for residents and offer convenience to pedestrians.” Taiwan currently adopts a five-foot way law formulated during the Japanese colonial period. While five-foot ways are still being constructed in Taiwan, they have been slowly disappearing from Guangdong since the 1930s. 2. To adapt five-foot ways to the local environment, both jurisdictions follow “different local considerations” to design the dimensions of five-foot ways. At the same time, in order to enhance pedestrian access through five-foot ways, their width has been increased in both locations. In consideration of earthquake risk Taiwan limits the height of five-foot ways, while in Guangdong five-foot ways can be any height up to two floors 3. Taiwan and Guangdong require illegal occupation to be penalized when five-foot ways are constructed on private land for public use. Furthermore, Taiwan encourages the construction of five-foot ways by stipulating that the area utilized by the five-foot way is not included in the overall construction area, while Guangdong provides subsidies to encourage five-foot way construction.