水域周邊熱舒適預測模型之研究

Development of A Model for Predicting Thermal Comfort Around Bodies of Water

都市的密集發展增加了都市自然環境的負擔，為了滿足都市居民舒適及便利之生活，能源的使用也愈來愈大，也因此造成大量的熱能及二氧化碳不斷向外排放，加上日間太陽照射，造成都市溫度不斷上升。本研究延續邱英浩（2009）都市水域空間對周圍熱環境舒適度影響之研究，針對水域空間周圍之環境進行環境熱舒適之探討，並且將水域空間之蒸發散、人體表面積等納入研究之考量。本研究於水域間利用儀器進行現場量測，並且配合問卷針對受測者於不同測點，了解受測者對於環境之感受以及受測者體型與性別的資料，探討水域空間對於環境熱舒適度之影響。透過各項分析結果顯示，受測者會因距離、生理條件以及物理條件之不同對於環境熱舒適度而有所差異。最後本研究透過迴歸分析，建立水域空間物理環境參數與熱舒適度之預測模型：Ts＝-0.001Ea+0.39SR+0.147WS+0.465Ta+0.439，並得到71.3%之解釋率，透過此預測模型可將現場量測之蒸發潛熱通量、日射量、風速及空氣溫度帶入公式，得到水域空間之熱環境舒適度指標，做為日後設計者對於水域空間規劃設計之參考依據。

Rapid development in urban areas increases natural environmental burden. To achieve a comfortable and convenient life requires a large increase in energy use in urban areas, which produces CO2 and heat dissipation. The interaction of solar rays with a body of water during the daytime increases its temperature. This study is a continuation of a previous study by YH Chiu in 2009, entitled “Thermal Comfort Level around Water Bodies in Urban Areas”, which addressed both thermal comfort around bodies of water and evapotranspiration of the body of water and human surface area. Field measurements are carried out around the water body while surveying thermal sensation at different positions using questionnaires. According to the survey and experimental results, thermal comfort can vary with distance, as well as with physical and physiological conditions. Finally, through regression analysis, this study establishes the physical parameters for water bodies and the prediction model of thermal comfort: Ts= -0.001 Ea + 0.39SR + 0.147WS + 0.465Ta + 0.439. This model uses evaporation heat flux, solar irradiation, wind speed and air temperature measured from the site to obtain the thermal comfort indicator, which can serve as a reference in the design of future bodies of water.