環境敏感地之土地規劃與管理－－兼論台灣地區整合資源保育於土地開發之途徑

ENVIRONMENTALLY SENSITIVE AREAS PLANNING AND MANAGEMENT: The Approach of Integrating Resource Conservation with Land Development in Taiwan Area

「環境敏感地」係一新進提出之觀念性合名詞，此觀念之提出，主要目的係在促使資源保育與土地開發之整合，以減少不相容土地使用對特殊生態資源之破壞而導致環境品質降低、天然災害之更形嚴重、資源耗竭及物種滅絕等環境負效果。本文首先由台灣之特珠地理環境以及近期通過之「台灣地區自然生態保育方案」，強調出環境敏感地對土地使用規劃與管制之重要性。然後，回顧美國在實施環境敏感地方案時對環境敏感地之定義、分類、及土地管理制度，并研提適於國內採行之環境敏感地土地規劃與管理之流程。最後，本文強調國內在推動環境敏威感地方案時，宜採取單一資源性方案，著重於協調現有與環境敏感地相關之法令，并透過都市計畫與區域計畫之程序，編定其用途，以達到整合資源保育於土地開發之終極目標。文中并提出當以績效管制之方法，有效地限定并減少開發行為對環境敏感地之破壞程度。

Environmentally Sensitive Areas is a newly proposed terminology. Its original purpose is to enhance the integration of resource conservation with land development in order to minimize environmental degradation, loss of natural hazards, resource depletion, and extinction of species caused by incompatible land uses. The characteristics of the natural environment of Taiwan area and the recently adopted 'Natural Conservation Strategy of Taiwan Area' are briefly discussed in the beginning of this paper to raise the importance of the planning and management of environmentally sensitive areas in Taiwan. Past efforts on the definition, classification, and land management practices are reviewed fo the purpose of developing a process for planning and management of environmentally sensitive areas in Taiwan. Single resource approach is recommended to progress environmentally sensitive areas program for the purpose of achieving the ultimate goal of the integration of conservation with development by coordinating existing statutes and designating permitted lan9 uses through urban and regional planning processes. Performance control is also proposed to efficiently minimize adverse environmental effects.