經濟全球化與國土規劃策略之探討

ECONOMIC GLOBALIZATION AND STRATEGIES OF NATIONAL TERRITORIAL PLANNING

經濟全球化已使世界經濟地圖看不見國界，也讓全球產業結構與生產活動空間產生結構性的轉變，促使地方在地條件及土地使用區位與規模需求的改變。全球企業為追求利潤，降低經營成本，以交換空間的方式，進行國際分工，從事生產。經濟全球化使台灣面臨來自各方面的挑戰，一般相信，國土規劃對回應全球化的挑戰，可以扮演重要的角色。國土規劃能否成功則端賴國土規劃如何指導土地利用政策以連結生產方式，以及如何對產業所需的經濟空間產生影響？然而，國土規劃在全球化浪潮下，可以扮演何種角色與功能？現行台灣以計畫供給為導向的國土計畫，產生何種問題？在面對經濟全球化的挑戰下，如何因應與調整？本文將從經濟、產業結構、規劃方式、區域空間與政府角色等面向，探討上述的課題，並嘗試提出經濟全球化下國土規劃的策略，以供政府之參考。

Economic globalization has demolished the boundary of world economy. It changes the global industrial structure and shifts the spatial structure of productive activities. It also alters local conditions and land use demand scale and location. Global enterprises seek and exchange for economic space in the new international division of labor in order to pursue profits and reduce costs. Economic globalization has forced Taiwan to face new challenges. It is widely believed that national territorial planning has a critical role to play in response to economic globalization. The success of national territorial planning depends greatly on how national territorial planning guides land use policies and how national territorial planning influences the location and economic space scale. Within this context, this article explores the role and functions of national territorial planning. Current planning issues associated with supply-oriented national territorial planning are analyzed. Furthermore, the impacts of economic globalization on economic structure and the relationship between space and production process are discussed. Finally, this article provides suggestions on strategies of national territorial planning as a reference for the government.