景平顧命輔臣開創「廢、弒、立」的新史例

A New Custom of “Dethroning, Killing and Enthroning” Made by Ching Ping Period’s Liegemen

劉宋朝初建，武帝接位三載而崩。劉宋武帝永初三年（422）遺詔輔佐大臣，以徐羨之為首輔，另有傅亮、謝誨、檀道濟等三人夾輔。甫接帝位之少帝義符，尚未及親政，劉宋少帝景平二年（424）即因失德被輔臣先廢後弑，輔臣並藉故殺二皇子義真。輔臣後立三皇子義隆繼位，是為後世稱為「元嘉之治」的宋文帝。然徐羨之等四位輔臣雖有擁立之功，但在文帝時，先後遭受誅殺並連坐子嗣。少帝之前，凡「廢昏立明」失位之廢帝如昌邑王、海西公，均能存活於當世。惟徐羨之等，雖然自詡為「伊、霍」輔臣，卻在無必要之情勢下，主動弑殺少帝，開創以無篡位之意的輔臣，連續完成「廢帝、弑帝、立帝」的首例。

In 422 AD, three years after that Liu Sung Empire was founded, theemperor Liu Yu was seriously ill. Before his death, he ordered four liegemen,Hsu Hsien-chih, Fu-liang, Hsieh Hui, and Tan Tao-chi to be advisors for thesuccessor — his son, Emperor Shao. Two years later, the Emperor Shao wasdethroned and killed by the four liegemen. Shortly afterward, EmperorShao’s third younger brother was enthroned as Emperor Wen, while thereigning power was still in the hands of the four liegemen. In 426’s spring,Emperor Wen seized the power and executed the four liegemen. In summary,the four liegemen abused their power after acting as advisors for EmperorShao. They first forced Emperor Shao to abdicate, and then executed himbefore making Emperor Wen enthroning. This formed a new custom inhistory.