金代北族之漢學

Sinology of the Northern Clansman in the Chin Dynasty

女真族原有其農業文明的基礎，接受漢文化較為普遍，金代兼有遼及北宋之地，接觸漢文化的社會面較廣，故金代北方民族在漢學上也較為易見。在人數上由初、中、晚期加倍遞增，以女真人居多，契丹人其次，全部北族的漢學者共243人，女真人有213人，所佔比重可知。在漢學專長方面，以文學居首，其次為史學、經學，在作品方面亦是如此。較為突出的是中期的世宗皇子完顏允恭、允成兄弟，及晚期宗室完顏禱，在經、史、文學、藝術都有傑出的表現，是通才型的漢學者。由於金代推廣漢學的學習，在教育、科舉上都有頗為普遍的漢學內容，故而推知實際有漢學研習的人數應遠超過所知姓名的人數。

The Jurchen inhabiting the area of modem Manchuria in China's northeast adopted some Chinese traditions like agriculture and fixed settlements, and established the Chin Dynasty in early twelfth century. Conquest the Liao and the Song dynasties enabled the Chin to assume total control of northern China. They soon adopted many cultural aspects of the Chinese including literature styles. Writers among the Jurchen aristocracy were Wan-Yen Yun Kung (完顏允恭) and his brother Yun Chen (允成). Wen-Yen Shou (完顏（王壽）), who was eminent in Studies of comfucian classics (經學) historiography, literature and art, was a versatile person of the late Chin time.Education and the civil service examination did much to promote the overall study of sinology. The total number of Sinology scholars in the northern nationality was 243, among them 213 Jurchens. Number of the northern nationality who contacted and understood the sinological study should exceed the number investigated in this paper. Administration officials and to some degree government clerks needed to become familiar with classical Chinese studies.