國府日本情資取得問題之研究：以汪兆銘兼任部長時期的外交部為例

Nationalist Government’s Information Gathering on Japan’s Activities towards China: A Case Study on the Ministry of Foreign Affairs under Wang Ching-wei

本文探討1933至35年間，國民政府外交部在汪兆銘兼任部長時期，其在日本對華工作上的情資取得及其相關問題。由於此一時期的汪兆銘負責主持對日外交，並且以外交部為其個人在政府內的權力據點，因此探討此一時期的外交部對日外交工作情況，對於汪兆銘對日外交工作之理解，當有一定的助益。透過統計等等方法可以得知，當時外交部在此種資訊的取得上，有著極為多元的管道。除了和日方的直接接觸之外，主要是來自於國內各級政府機關甚至是民間人士。具有著「多元性」以及「內向性」的特徵。此外，從外交部在日本對華工作情資上的取得情形當中，亦得以略窺國府整體在此類工作上的大致景象。然而，雖然資訊來源甚為多元，但若細查這些情資內容，則可發現其多為一時性的事務內容，較缺乏深入的探究與對日本整體的觀察。綜合言之，當時外交部在日本對華工作上的資訊取得以及對日認識方面，其實仍有著許多可以加強之處。

This paper focuses on the Ministry of Foreign Affairs of the Nationalist Government's information gathering on Japan's activities towards China between 1933 and 1935 when Wang Ching-wei was the Foreign Minister. Since Wang was in charge of Sino-Japanese diplomacy and had made the Foreign Ministry the basis of his political influence inside the government, the study of the Foreign Ministry's policymaking on Japan in this period is helpful to improve our understanding of Wang's diplomacy towards Japan. In accordance with statistics and other sources, the Foreign Ministry had used multiple channels to gather such kind of information. Alongside direct contact with the Japanese side, information was mainly collected from the Chinese authorities on various levels and, in some cases, even from sources outside the Nationalist government. The Nationalist Government's information gathering, in this sense, should be characterized as both multiple and inward-focused. In addition, through the performance of the Foreign Ministry, one can also observe certain aspects of the whole government's activities in terms of gathering information on Japan's operations in China. While coming from different sources, by scrutinizing what had been collected, one could find that most information contained temporary substances without thorough studies. Solid observations on the overall situation in Japan were also missing. In conclusion, there was in fact plenty of room for improvement in the Foreign Ministry's efforts to collect information on Japan's operations in China as well as in the Ministry's substantive understanding of Japan during this period.