柳宗元謫永的恐懼與期待：以〈囚山賦〉與〈夢歸賦〉為中心

Fears and Expectations of Liu Zongyuan during his Exile in Yongzhou - Focusing on the Choushan Fu and the Menggui Fu

柳宗元參與了唐順宗李誦在位期間，王叔文領導運作的「永貞革新」，這場政治改革前後短短146天便告失敗，柳宗元即被迫因此案謫遷永州，然而在這段貶謫的日子裡，長安始終是他日夜夢想回去之所在。柳宗元貶謫永州期間所作之永州八記，是其相當為人所熟知的文學表現，正因為永州八記所得到的盛名，概括了世人對柳宗元謫居永州的印象與情懷。然而柳宗元被迫遠離長安，年復一年地留滯在負罪之名的蠻荒異地，其中存在著強烈恐懼與迫切期盼的一面較易為人所忽略。因此本文聚焦於柳宗元〈囚山賦〉與〈夢歸賦〉，並參酌謫居期間的書信來往及其他文學表現，探討柳宗元謫永期間所感受到的被棄與拘束經驗，以及對歸返長安無期仍不移的想望。

During the reign of Li Song, Emperor Shunzong of Tang Dynasty, Liu Zongyuan was involved in the Yongzhen Reform led by Wang Shuwen which was crushed only within 146 days. Liu was thus banished to Yongzhou. During his exile, he dreamed to return to Chang'an day and night. The Eight Travelogues in Yongzhou born during that time were his most famous works. With the great reputation, the Travelogues have become a clue of Liu's impacts and feelings on Yongzhou. However, being exiled far away from Chang'an and staying in the desolate place for the punishment, Liu had both strong fears and great expectations, which has been neglected by people. Therefore, the study focuses on the Choushan Fu and the Menggui Fu of Liu Zongyuan, and reviews the letters and other literatures during his exile, aiming to discusses his forsaken feeling and the captive experience, as well as his firm expectation of return despite of the hopelessness.