晚明鄭瑄《昨非庵日纂》的流傳與影響

The Spread and Influence of “Zuofeian rizuan” by Zheng Xuan in Late Ming Dynasty

鄭瑄為崇禎四年（1631）進士，官至應天巡撫，曾任南明唐王工部尚書。《昨非庵日纂》是鄭瑄平時讀書抄錄的筆記，內容紛陳，涵蓋歷史佚事、古人節操、治家箴言、為官之道、因果報應、種德惜福等主題。篇幅短小，語言精簡，部份近似《菜根譚》之格言小品，具有警世作用，也能作為修身參考。《昨非庵日纂》共三集，皆各有二十類。後有明刊本《福壽全書》託名陳繼儒所作，實際上是將《昨非庵日纂》初集二十類的順序倒錯、重新編輯出版的偽作。再者，清順治年間，南洙源（崇禎十年﹝1637﹞進士）所纂《鏡人集》，節錄《昨非庵日纂》初集、二集而成，合併為十二類。本文首先考察《昨非庵日纂》現世流傳版本狀況，接著考證《福壽全書》與《鏡人集》二書對《昨非庵日纂》的取資、抄襲情形，並蒐羅明清時期對《昨非庵日纂》的記載、引述，進而分析此書在明清流傳情形，與時代背景、出版市場、消費心態的關聯，重新考察《昨非庵日纂》的流傳與影響。

Zheng Xuan was a jin-shi in Chong Zhen fourth year (1631). The highest-ranking post he got is a provincial governor of Yingtian. He worked as a ministry of Works in Tang emperor of South-Ming dynasty. ＂Zuofeian rizuan＂ was a note which Zheng Xuan wrote when he studied. The content covered history, moral integrity, a family's traditional injunctions, an officer's principle, karma, the subject of doing good deeds and treasuring the blessings, and so on. The sections were short and the language was simplified. In this book, some sections were like aphorisms of ＂Cai Gen Tan＂ which had cautionary effect and it could be an example of cultivating one's moral characters. ＂Zuofeian rizuan＂ had three volume, all of them had twenty chapters. In Ming dynasty, ＂Fu Shou Quan Shu＂ written by pseudo-author Chen Ji Ru. Actually, this book was a fake composition. It just reversed and re-edited twenty chapters of ＂Zuofeian rizuan＂ volume one. Moreover, in Shun Zhi age of Qing dynasty, Nan Zhu Yuan, a jin-shi in Chong Zhen tenth year (1637), wrote ＂Jing Ren Ji.＂ This book had twelve chapters which just extracted some passages from ＂Zuofeian rizuan.＂ volume one and second. This study investigates the versions of ＂Zuofeian rizuan＂ which spread in nowadays. Next, researches ＂Fu Shou Quan Shu＂ and ＂Jing Ren Ji＂ circumstance of re-editing and plagiarizing from ＂Zuofeian rizuan.＂ The study also collects records and quotes of ＂Zuofeian rizuan＂ in Ming dynasty and Qing dynasty. Then, analyze its spreading circumstance in Ming dynasty and Qing dynasty. Find out connections between era background, publishing market and consumer psychology. Then, reinvestigate the spread and influence of ＂Zuofeian rizuan.＂.