數詞成語形式結構的計量分析

The statistical analysis on structure of numeral idioms

結構是成語語義的載體，不同的結構格式及搭配組合，會對成語語義以及語言使用者的心理感受造成影響。本文以教育部辭典總資料庫中1911條四字數詞成語為範圍，使用計量研究的方法，深化研究的準確性與系統性，針對四大類結構格式進行分類統計，再依據數據資料結果進行分析，有助於了解數詞成語的結構格式、組合規律及語義，也能透過數詞的使用頻率、組合搭配及常用詞彙的反映，了解漢民族在使用數詞時的選擇與喜好，增進對成語語義及使用者心理的認識，提供深入瞭解數詞成語的另一種視野。

Structure is the main part of idioms. Different formation and combination of the structures may affect the meanings of idioms. Also, the different structure might impact the user's feelings. All four words numeral idioms using in this thesis is based on dictionaries database authorized by Ministry of Education. With the use of statistical analysis, it can reveal numeral idioms' pattern of structures, combinations and meanings. By the frequency of using numeral idioms and practical connecting words, it might show the reason or the preference of Han Nationality when using numeral idioms. Therefore, this thesis could provide another point of view on the understanding of the numeral idiom's meaning and user's mental feelings.