台灣新移民女性母職角色之探討──家庭生命週期觀點的分析

Perspectives of Immigrant Wives on Mothering Experiences in Taiwan: Based onthe Family Life Cycle Approach

本研究探討新移民女性母職角色之相關課題，研究目的為：（一）了解新移民女性對於母職角色的認知。（二） 分析新移民女性在不同家庭生命週期中母職角色中所面臨之挑戰，與所採取的因應方式。研究方法為質性研究，利用半結構式的個別訪談方式，針對十位育有學齡前至青春期子女的越南籍新移民母親進行訪談，透過錄音及繕打為逐字稿，蒐集資料並進行整理與分析。研究結果為：（一）新移民女性對於母職角色的認知：在「教養觀」為：教導孩子聽話與有好品格、「家庭與工作」則為：管理家庭及賺錢來改善家計、「角色期待」則為：盡己所能的為家庭貢獻心力。（二）根據家庭生命週期理論，新移民女性母職角色的調整可分為：由初嫁台灣為人妻之適應期、新手母親之混亂與甜蜜、育有學前幼兒之教養議題、學齡孩童之管教及課業指導議題，到青少年等階段的夥伴關係階段之不同的挑戰，並以不同的方式因應。本研究之結果可讓我們了解新移民母親的心聲，並可提供新移民父母、家庭及與新移民家庭之工作者參考。

The purposes of this study were to understand the recognition of these immigrant mothers’ maternal roles; and to analyze the challenges and their coping strategies through their family life cycle. The qualitative method was used by the semi-structured individual interviews, cassette-taping and typed transcripts. Ten Vietnamese immigrant mothers with preschoolers to adolescents were recruited as the research participants. The results were：1. The recognition of mothering in the discipline domain was to guidekids to have good behaviors and manners, in the work-family domain was to manage home and increase earning to improve family finance,in the role expectation domain was to do the mother’s best for her own family. 2. Based on the family life cycle theory, the new immigrant mothers would go through the new comers’ adaptation stage, the new mother’s chaos and sweetness stage, rearing preschoolers’ parenting issue stage, elementary schoolers’ educating and discipline issues stage, and the teenagers’ partner issues stage. For each of these stages, there were challenges for these immigrant mothers, and the various coping strategies were usedby these mothers. The results of this study can improve our understandingsof the immigrant mothers in Taiwan, and can be the framework for new immigrant parents, their family members and the ones who work with new immigrant families.