戒菸諮商內涵與諮商歷程之初探研究

The Features and Process of Counseling for Smoking Cessation

本研究目的為藉由整理戒菸機構諮商員的實務工作經驗，來呈現戒菸諮商的服務內涵與諮商歷程，以開創戒菸諮商實務工作藍圖。本研究採用質性研究方法來進行，過程針對九位諮商員進行焦點團體與個別深度訪談作為資料之收集，並依循質性研究的原則來進行資料的分析與結果的呈現。研究結果顯示：1.戒菸諮商的特色：（1）諮商目標明確；（2）短期諮商策略；（3）戒菸目標與當事人核心主題之間隨時掌握平衡的歷程；（4）諮商員須具備成癮戒除等先備知識；（5）使用電話作為媒介的利基點；（6）戒菸成效是諮商過程中關注的焦點。2.戒菸諮商歷程：因著諮商員的獨特性，建構出不同的諮商歷程，可分為三種類型：（1）戒菸諮商「戒的是心，不是菸」；（2）戒菸諮商是提升吸菸者的戒菸準備度與行動力；（3）戒菸諮商是戒菸行為的改變歷程。依據研究結果，雖然諮商員的諮商取向不盡相同，但是提升戒菸當事人之自我強度，以及負責任的選擇戒菸行動力是戒菸成功之關鍵要素。

This study is designed to understand the counseling process for smoking cessation, andexplore to find out the features and process of quit-smoking counseling. Research data which wascollected by focus-group and individual interviewing was based on qualitative research method.The results of this research are as following: First, the features of quit-smoking counseling are:The counseling goal of quit smoking is clear and definite and attend to short-term counselingstrategy. Counselor will face conflict between dealing with behavior of quit-smoking and core issuerelated quit-smoking. Counselor need to have knowledge about smoking cessation. Telephonecounseling is beneficial for quit-smoking. Quit rate of smoking is important index of counseling.Second, according to different counseling belief of counselors, counseling process is induced tothree types. One is focus on psychological resources of client. Second is to emphasize the ability todecide to quit smoking. The other is to focus to deal with the behavior of smoking.Finally, enhance self-esteem and being responsible to take action to quit smoking are the keyelement of smoking cessation.