臺灣與韓國青少年之體型、身體活動量比較分析

The study of body type, movement in Taiwan and South Korea’s Teenager

本研究之研究目的為比較臺灣與韓國之青少年之體型、活動量之差異分析比較。研究對象共555名（臺灣313名，韓國242名）10至15歲的在學青少年為本研究之對象。身體型態之測量為以InBody 230身體組成測定儀和皮脂厚測量法進行量測，同時以臂圍、胸圍、腰圍和臀圍進行身體型態之量測；身體活動量之測量以萬步計紀錄含週六，日之連續四天的步數為身體活動量之測量。以描述性統計和獨立樣本t考驗和單因子變異數分析比較兩地區之男女差異。結果：於身體特徵之身高之結果在臺灣（313名）、韓國（242名）青少年國小組之平均身高分別為（144.59±7.91cm,153.86±7.21cm）兩國之國小平均身高。兩國國中女生之體脂肪百分比有顯著差異（t=-2.147,p=.033<.05），臺灣國中女學生之體脂肪百分比27.52±7.19顯著低於同年齡之國中韓國女學生29.54±6.80。於兩國之身體活動測量差異比較結果發現臺灣國小學童之上課期間之步數（10649.89±3493.69步／每天）顯著低於韓國國小男童（3003.59±6094.12步／每天）之上課期間之步數（t=-2.147,p=.033<.05）；同時在星期六之每天行走步數兩國比較發現臺灣國中男生之步數（8919.57±3913.47步／每天）顯著低於韓國國中男生（10793.87±4772.96步／每天）之步數（t=-2.802,p=.006<.05）。在各測量身體組成及活動進行相關比較其結果發現其BMI與身體脂肪的百分比%Fat有顯著的高相關（r=0.73,p<.05），與胸圍、腰圍和臀圍皆達顯著的高相關（r=0.89,r=0.80,r=0.88,&r=0.86,p<.05）從各資料顯示高BMI和這些測量值會有高度的相關。本研究對針對不同國家地區（臺灣與韓國）之在學青少年（10至15歲）為對象，進行身體組成與身體活動量之檢測及調查，以身體型態與身體組成、身體活動與生活習慣進行比較分析。在結果方面韓國國小男童身高顯著高於臺灣，這與其每天上課之平均步數一致結果顯示其運動量對國小學童有其正面的效果；在身體組成的比較身體的體脂肪百分比韓國國中女生顯著高於臺灣女生，顯示在不同地區緯度之青少年其生體的發展會有所差異，這點使得女生的體脂肪會有顯著差異；在兩國的國、中小學童之相關測量結果發現身體質量指數BMI與身體脂肪的百分比%Fat、胸圍、腰圍和臀圍有顯著的高相關（r=0.73,p<.05），與皆達顯著的高相關，這顯示BMI在一般的國中小學生的測量有顯著的高相關在體脂肪與和這些測量數值。建議在後續的相關研究可以深入的針對其活動量對身體組成與不同活動形式的比較研究可以提供後續的深入研究。

The purpose of this research to compare the teenager of Taiwan and South Korea’s elementary school and junior high school students. Study in body size, activity analysis. A total of 555 subjects (313 in Taiwan, South Korea 242) 10 to 15 years in the teenager students. The measurement of body types to InBody 230 body composition analyzer and measurement of sebum thickness measurements, and to arm circumference, chest, waist and hip measurements for the body type; amount of physical activity measurement as step record counter during Monday to Friday, Saturday and Sunday to measure the amount of physical activity. Descriptive statistics and independent samples t-test and ANOVA analysis and comparison of the two National of the gender differences. Results: The physical characteristics of the height of the results in Taiwan (313), Korea (242) Group of young people were of average height (144.59 ± 7.91 cm, 153.86 ± 7.21cm) the average height of a elementary school between the two countries. Two junior high school girl's body fat percentage were significantly different (t =- 2.147, p =. 033 <.05), female students in the state of Taiwan's body fat percentage 27.52 ± 7.19 was significantly lower than the country of the same age female students in South Korea 29.54 ± 6.80. Measured in the difference between the results of the comparison of physical activity found that Taiwan's elementary school children during the school's days step (10649.89 ± 3493.69 steps / day) was significantly lower than the Korean (3003.59 ± 6094.12 steps / day) of the class period step (t =- 2.147, p =. 033 <.05); the day on Saturday while walking two more steps that the Taiwanese middle school boys step (8919.57 ± 3913.47 steps / day) was significantly lower than ROK in boys (10793.87 ± 4772.96 steps / day) of step (t =- 2.802, p =. 006 <.05). In the measurement of body composition and activities related to compare their results found that BMI and body fat percentage% Fat significantly high correlation (r = 0.73, p <.05), with the bust, waist and hip are of significantly high correlation (r = 0.89, r = 0.80, r = 0.88 and r = 0.86, p <.05) from the data indicate that high BMI and these measurements would be highly relevant. In this study, different countries and regions (Taiwan and Korea) of adolescent students (10-15 years) for the object, the body composition and physical activity levels of detection and investigation, to the body type and body composition, physical activity and life used for comparative analysis. ROK in outcomes was significantly higher than the small boy standing in Taiwan, which with its average number of steps each day showed that the exercise of the same elementary school children with its positive effects; comparison of body composition in the body in body fat percentage ROK Taiwan girls was significantly higher than girls to show young people in different parts of the latitude of the body's development of its students will be different, this makes the girls will be significant differences in body fat; in two of the country, school children and found that the relevant measurement body mass index BMI and body fat percentage% Fat, bust, waist and hip significantly high correlation (r = 0.73, p <.05), and are up significantly high correlation, indicating that BMI in the general state of significant measure of primary school students in the high correlation with body fat and these measured values. Recommended follow-up research can be in-depth for its activity on body composition and comparative study of different forms of activities to provide follow-up study.