新中國的海洋意識與經濟發展關係之研究

The Study of the Relationship between Ocean Consciousness and Economic Development of New China

回顧中國海洋意識的歷史發展，概略可分為傳統（西元前221年～1433年）、近代（1433年～1949年）與現代（1949年～2016年）三個時期。從新時期的中國來看，在如何達成國家發展戰略目標與實踐，反映在新中國的海洋意識與東部地區的經濟建設，主要體現在經濟特區、沿海開放城市與沿海省區等發展模式與成效。本文擬以認知心理的觀點，旨在觀察一個威權體制的大陸國家，其統治菁英如何面對西方文明的衝突與對立，從而採行監控與融合的海洋戰略。簡之，探究何以轉折、如何轉折與轉折成效等思路與脈絡，詮釋下列三個主要的目的：一、中國海洋意識的歷史發展為何？二、新時期的海洋意識如何體現？三、沿海省區的經濟建設與成效為何？

We could simply divide the historical development of the China ocean consciousness into three stages: Traditional period (221 BC~AD 1433), Modern Times (AD 1433~AD 1949), and Contemporary Age (AD 1949~AD 2016). Through the New Era of China, New China constructed her ocean consciousness and economy in east area to fulfill and achieve the strategic objectives of the national development, mainly reflecting on the special economic zone, coastal open cities and developing model in coastal provinces. Through the perspectives of the cognitive psychology, the purpose of this article is to observe a mainland country with authoritarian regime, see how their rulers face the conflict and contradiction with western culture, and adopt the monitoring and integrating marine strategies. In sum, to explore the sequence of ideas for the reasons of transform, how to transform, and the effectiveness of transformation, the writer interprets three points as the following. Firstly, what is the historical development of China Ocean Consciousness? Secondly, how’s the Ocean Consciousness in new era expressed? Lastly, what are the economic development and the effectiveness in the coastal provinces of China?