過去20年臺灣監獄社會變化之研究

An Exploration of Inmates' Subculture Changes in Prisons Over the Past Two Decades: A Case Study of Taiwan

本研究之主要目的是以開放菸禁作為一分界點－－比較過去20年監獄社會之變化，以立意抽樣選取臺灣北部某兩個監獄受刑人13名進行半結構式之深度訪談；資料分析則採用類別－－內容分析取向。經由訪談結果得知，自受刑人的角度而言，監獄社會環境於早期以壟斷非法利益與權力治理象徵之桌面副文化，過渡到現今個人經濟環境決定的副文化，其受刑人階級的轉變，集體意識消融所演化的個人主體意識變遷下的認同矛盾，可以視為變遷的表徵，行政管理機制的改變，由受刑人幹部與管教人員的委任共生治理，轉變為法律關係的行政管理。最後，本文建議宜持續維護受刑人之基本權利，保障人權，以符合時代潮流。

While the policy of lifting smoking bans for inmates has been enacted in 1993, no further research has been conducted in exploration of society changes in prisons over the past two decades in Taiwan. The purpose of this study aims to explore the changes of inmates' subcultures and the impacts on prison management before and after the liberalization of smoking bans. The purposive sampling was employed to collect 13 inmates from two prisons in the northern part of Taiwan. At the same time, a semi-structured in-depth interview and a category– content analysis orientation were adopted for data analysis. The results drawn from in-depth interviews indicated that, from the perspective of inmates, the society in a prison setting has overwhelmingly transitioned from a gangster subculture characterized by monopolized illegal profiteering and authoritarian rule to a subculture characterized by personal economic interests. Moreover, the collapse of hierarchical class in inmate society and identity conflicts caused by the evolution of individualistic consciousness from the dissolution of collective consciousness can be viewed as the features significant changes in prison after the milestone of lifting smoking bans. Some policy implications have been recommended as follows: safeguarding and guaranteeing the fundamental rights of inmates.