具獨立平衡模組之電池管理系統開發

Development of a New Bms with Independent Balance Module

本研究提出一分離式之電池管理系統新架構，將平衡模組獨立於電池管理系統之外並與充電機整合之新型電池管理系統，簡化移動載具內電池管理系統的設計，散熱問題則可在充電機端輕易解決。本研究開發一套具獨立的平衡模組之電池管理系統，並應用於高串聯/高容量之72 V/60 Ah 磷酸鋰鐵電池組，系統分為72 V 主控制板與72 V 平衡板，72 V 主控制板安裝於電池組上，負責量測24顆電芯電壓、電流、溫度、電池殘電量等等；當處於充電狀態時，72 V 平衡板透過RS-485 通訊與72 V 主控制板進行數據的傳輸，並經由72 V 主控制板的控制來執行本研究開發之二階段充電法。本研究將所開發的電池管理系統在一台自製的電動二輪車上作測試，並將72 V 磷酸鋰鐵電池組以及72 V 主控制板安裝於車架上進行道路實測與二階段充電法的實現，於放電狀態時72 V 主控制板擷取整車各項電力數據；於充電狀態時72 V 主控制板與72 V 平衡板完整執行了二階段充電法的充電程序。

This article proposes a new battery management system (BMS) structure,which separates the balance module from the BMS, to overcome limitedspace and heat dissipation problems commonly existed in modern electricalmotorcycles. An independent balance module based on globally active balancecircuit is designed and removed from the BMS to integrate with a chargerin the current study to better manage the lithium ion battery module inelectrical motorcycles. Inside the battery module is therefore left with a simplifiedBMS with reduced space and heat dissipation impact. A two-stagebalance method facilitated by the adopted globally active balance module is also developed in the current study to charge each battery cells fully withoutincurring over voltage setbacks. The design, fabrication and implementationof this new type of BMS on a 72 V heavy electric motorcycle application aredetailed in the current work. Test results extracted by the built in data acquisitioncircuit in the BMS are also presented.