「歷史正義與權利回復法」草案評述

A Review of Draft Act Governing the Historical Justice and Recovery of Damage of Individual Rights

在歷經數次的民主運動的洗禮與了兩次的政權輪替後，台灣如今基本上已 可以入列並成為民主國家之成員。不可否認地，在當今一個現代化民主國家的 公平正義的社會裡，無庸置疑地國家必須依循恪遵法治原則，才能讓民主能夠 堅實鞏固以及人權獲得確實保障。新興民主法治社會要鞏固民主進而確實落實 人權保障，必須要重視轉型正義與歷史正義，尤其應從各種國家社會制度與社 會共識價值兩方面著手。倘若不能從制度面與價值面著手來真正地實行轉型正 義的目標，則不僅轉型的結果無法徹底與完備，也必將可能對新的民主法治體 制，產生極大的威脅。也因此在當今為了鞏固台灣新興民主而必須進行的轉型 正義，尤其應要重視制度轉型與價值轉型的推動。此等重要任務必須要有符合 此一目的的運作原則，才能順暢的進行。而其中最重要的原則，就是根據相關 明確事實與遵守相關因應法律規範。 本文擬先簡述所謂轉型正義與歷史正義的概念，進而簡要分析台灣當前轉 型正義的推動應重視歷史正義。關於臺灣推動轉型正義的落實於立法與相關制 度的建立，擬簡要說明目前各種政黨所關心的轉型正義的相關法制立法工作與 進程，並以時代力量黨於立法院所提出的「歷史正義與權利回復法」草案為例， 簡要地勾勒出如何以法制來處理轉型正義與歷史正義的嚴峻問題，並簡單對該 草案相關的議題進行梳理評述，希冀能對我國各界關心與重視的轉型正義的議 題的法制工作，提出個人初淺的觀察與建議。

Taiwan as an emerging democratic and the rule of law society that aims to consolidate its democracy and then truly implement human rights protection, it must highly attach the importance to transitional justice and historical justice. In particular, it will focus on various measures from national social system and social consensus value. If we cannot proceed from the institutional and the social values of the real implementation of the goal of transitional justice, not only the results of the transition cannot be completely complete, but also will be a possible great threat for the new democratic rule of law system. Currently, transitional justice must achieve in order to consolidate Taiwan's emerging democracy, it is particularly important to pay attention to the transformation of the system and the transformation of values. Such important tasks must be in accordance with the principles of the operation, in order to proceed smoothly. One of the most important principles is to rely on compliance of legal norms in accordance with the relevant clear facts. This paper briefly describes the concept of transition justice and historical justice, and then briefly analyzes the current transformation of justice in Taiwan should pay attention to historical justice. On the implementation process of Taiwan promoting the transitional justice in the establishment of legislation and related systems, this paper aims to give a brief description of the current political parties that concerned about the transitional justice related to legislative work and process. This paper focus on New Power Party Draft Act Governing the Historical Justice and Recovery of Damage of Individual Rights and briefly outlines how the Taiwan's legal system deals with the serious problems of transitional justice and historical justice and simply reviews the issues related to the draft. Hope to be able to provide individual shallow observation and suggestions to this significant transitional justice of legal works p and process.