轉業行為與生產力研究──以台灣電力及電子機械器材製造修配業為例

A Study on Industry-Switching Behavior and Productivity - The Case of Taiwan’s Electronics Firms

轉業行為所顯示廠商動態的多樣性在現實世界中普遍存在，然而並無相關的文章在處理廠商如何進行轉業行為的議題。我們因此依據投入產出表來建構一個轉業程度指標。相較於傳統上實証研究的分群方法，這個指標能客觀地刻劃個別廠商所經歷的轉業行為。我們利用Heckman的兩階段估計法對台灣電力及電子機械器材製造修配業進行研究，該實證結果顯示廠商的總要素生產力正向地刺激廠商進行轉業行為，但是它並未傾向於影響廠商的轉業程度。另外，相關的產業面因素、競爭效果以及廠商特定要素也顯著地影響廠商的轉業決策及其轉業程度。

Industry-switching behavior shows the multiplicity of firm dynamics and prevails in reality, but no related paper addresses how a firm performs its industry-switching. Based upon the input-output table, we create an industry-switching degree index (ISDI) which outperforms the traditional categorization methods to objectively characterize how each firm evolves in industry-switching behavior. Through Heckman’s two-step estimation we find that, in Taiwan’s electronics industry, the firm’s TFP positively motivates the firm to switch but it tends to not affect its ISDI. The industry-level factor, the competition effect, and some firm-specific characteristics significantly determine a firm’s switching decision and its degree of industry-switching.