運用語料庫方法探討德文同義詞的搭配選擇及其在德語教學的應用－－以benutzen, nutzen, verwenden, gebrauchen 為例

Collocation of German Synonyms and Its Corpus-based Application in German Teaching – A Case Study on the Synonyms benutzen, nutzen, verwenden and gebrauchen

近年來語料庫語言學的興起，豐富了搭配詞的研究方法及理解，也帶動了許多同義字的研究。但真正能將之應用到德語教學，並提出具體可行的建議卻很少。本研究試圖藉助語料庫的搭配詞相關研究，發展一套方式來區辨同義動詞之搭配組合的差異，並具體說明，要如何在德語教學上使用，協助以中文為母語的德語學習者找到適當的搭配詞，並學習區辨相關同義字在語用上的差異。筆者從教授德語的經驗出發，以台灣學生學習德文時容易混淆的四個德文同義動詞benutzen, nutzen, verwenden 以及gebrauchen 為例，說明如何運用此一分析成果在德語教學上，加強德語學習的學習成效。文章最後將透過本研究的成果，與傳統語言學的觀點進行對話與理論反思。

The research method of collocation and the related discussions have advanced since the rise of the corpus linguistics. This motivates a lot of studies about German synonyms. However, few of them have concretely contributed to the discipline of German teaching. This study aims at proposing a method for guiding Taiwanese German learners to find the collocation by choosing one among different German synonymous verbs. Based on my experiences in German teaching, I find that Taiwanese students are easily confused by the German synonymous verbs like benutzen, nutzen, verwenden and gebrauchen and have problems with choosing a proper one to express. This paper demonstrates the method that the teacher or students by themselves could apply to choose the correct verb, based on DWDS-Corpus. This method shows as an example and is expected to be applied to the other groups of German synonym. This study ends up with a theoretical reflection on the traditional way of comparing synonyms.