被切斷的記憶：從一位「富農」的敘述看近代江南的農村社會

Beyond the Nation-State: A Reflection of the War of Resistance Against Japan Based on Oral History

本文主要是根據一位「富農」的敘述，不僅復原近代中國江南農村的實際情況，而且針對其敘述的環境生態，進行初步性的分析。在傳統的中國時期，所謂「文獻」資料的知識生產，基本單位是以市鎮的在地知識分子—生員為主體。而清末民初之際所出現的地方報，正是這類載體；它們之所以能夠來傳達自我的主張，實際上是依賴於市鎮所擁有的社會基礎與力量。然而，攸關農村習俗、信仰等內容，未必能夠在文獻資料上完整呈現，甚至連相關之記載，都可說寥寥無幾。因此，為了要闡明這些事情，有必要通過田野調查的方法，進而發掘文獻方面幾乎沒有登錄的史實。而這樣的方法，即從各種敘述中去掉記憶的錯誤或模糊之處，根據共通的部分來確定「史實」，並以此做為一種實證性史料。不過話雖如此，在調查過程之中筆者也發現：生命敘事裡，不被講述的部分毋寧也佔有非常重要的位置，因此體認到多方注意「沉默」的部分，亦屬必要。

This article studies not only the actual condition of rural society of the Lower Yangzi Delta in modern China from the narrative of a “rich farmer”, but also conducts a basic analysis of the situation with surrounding narratives. In traditional China period, market towns were the lowest level of fields that generated “literature”, the author of “literature” were local intellectuals. In late Qing and early Republican China, local newspapers in market towns emerged as the media of advocating local intellectuals' opinions. To some extent, matters regarding the village society, such as popular faith, were not completely recorded by local intellectuals. By collecting narratives, the article analyzes the life history and reveals the untold memory which occupied the mass.