日本學生華語分裂句與準分裂句之理解研究

Japanese Learners’ Comprehension of Clefts and Pseudo-clefts in L2 Chinese

本文旨在探討以日語為母語之學習者對於華語分裂句與準分裂句之學習情形， 主要研究議題為探討日本學生的分裂句和準分裂句之理解是否受到合法性、類型 及語境影響。研究工具含文法判斷測驗、接受度判斷測驗及問答選擇測驗，受試 者為30 位以日語為母語之華語學習者作為實驗組，依其華語程度分中初級及中高 級兩組，每組15 名，以及15 位華語母語人士作為控制組。 整體研究發現，句子之合法性並未顯著影響受試者對分裂句與準分裂句之文 法判斷。五種分裂詞組中，最能接受的是名詞組、動詞組、及介系詞組，其次是 副詞組及形容詞組。在語境效應方面，受試者能依不同語境選擇分裂句或準分裂 句：較偏好分裂句出現於主題延續之語境，準分裂句則於言談開始或主題不延續 之語境。

The present study conducted an empirical study with an aim to investigate the Japanese students‟ comprehension of Mandarin clefts and pseudo-clefts. The issues addressed in the study included the effects of grammaticality， cleft types， and context. Three tasks were conducted: a grammaticality judgment task， an acceptability judgment task， and a multiple-choice question task to thirty Japanese-speaking learners of Mandarin Chinese， who were divided into two groups， i.e.， 15 low-intermediate and 15 high-intermediate subjects， based on their Mandarin language proficiency. In addition， fifteen Mandarin native speakers participated in the study as the native controls. The overall results indicated that the subjects‟ performances were not significantly affected by the grammaticality of clefts and pseudo-clefts. As for five cleft types， the subjects highly accepted the NP， VP and PP types， whereas their acceptance rates for the ADJP and ADVP clefts were the lowest of all. Finally， it was found that our subjects strongly associated cleft sentences with certain contexts: Clefts were more favored in the thematic continuity context， and pseudo-clefts were better accepted in the discourse opener and non-thematic continuity contexts.