結合神經回饋之腦機介面遊戲設計──以兒童專注力訓練遊戲為例

Design of Neurofeedback Game Using Brain-Computer Interface - A Case Study of Children’s Attention Training Game

隨著科技的進步，腦機介面從繁複、侵入式轉變為易於穿戴且非侵入式的操作介面。神經回饋訓練遊戲結合頭戴式腦波儀，因其穿戴便利、且結合開放原始碼與遊戲程式的特性，同時具備了吸引兒童的遊戲特質與訓練目的，提供了訓練與改善專注力的效果。腦波遊戲訓練專注力已確知可用於注意力不足過動症兒童改善專注力狀況，本研究旨在理解腦波遊戲應用於一般學齡兒童專注力訓練之相關技術與設計原則，並根據相關研究結果，設計一款專注力訓練遊戲，以國小三年級普通班與潛能班學生作為本研究專注力訓練遊戲實驗對象，透過t檢定分析腦波專注度數值，比較不同族群之專注力訓練差異。本研究設計之腦波遊戲神經回饋資訊以圖像方式呈現，依照兒童個別不同的專注度與集中能力，分別作個人化之關卡難易度調整，以研究腦波遊戲對不同兒童族群之專注力訓練成效與影響。根據統計分析結果，不同兒童族群經過本研究設計之腦波遊戲訓練，皆有顯著的專注力改善成效。

As technology advances, Brain Computer Interface changes from the complex, intrusive into easy-to-wear and non-intrusive ones. The Neuralfeedback Training games to improve children’s concentration ability based on the brainwave headset instrument have been proved effective because of its being easily wearable, open source availability, and its combination with games. The EEG-based games for attention training have also been proved to be able to improve the concentration of children with Attention Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder. This research explores the related technology and design principles for the EEG-based brainwave attention-training games dedicated for the regular school-age children. Based on the previous research, a brainwave attention-training game for the third graders in elementary school is designed, and the t-tests are conducted on both the regular school-age children and those with learning disability from the third-graders. The game difficulty can be adjusted according to the different concentration ability of individuals. In the game, the Neurofeedback information was presented visually and there are responses generated immediately for training provided as feedback. Through the result of meter reading from EEG, the EEG parameter of the target players from the game was further analyzed and compared so as to study the influences and effectiveness of the proposed game for different groups of children. According to statistical analysis, both the two groups of children show significant performance improvement after playing a number of game sessions, which demonstrates the effectiveness of the proposed game in enhancing their concentration ability.