宋學傳統下的〈洪範〉學變革──論卿彬《洛書洪範解》的學術史意義

The Reform of the Studies of the ＂Hong Fan＂ under the Tradition of Song Studies： Analysis of Qing Bin's ＂Commentary on the Hong Fan and the Luoshu＂

自明清之際，迄至乾嘉兩朝，非宋學者與宋學者兩造，在長達二百多年的爭辯中，始終圍繞著〈洪範〉學，競相參與討論。當時固守宋學者，必須平心審視自家理論體系，繼而經由〈洪範〉學，著力變革和回應。因此，本文選擇乾嘉之間，卿彬（1747-1813）撰作之《洛書洪範解》為考察對象，以呈現宋學傳統下，〈洪範〉學的變革，並予以其定位，彰顯其意義。根據本文考察，《洛書洪範解》的內容，主要從洛書模式推闡人身修養、據五行次序貫通九疇彝倫，俱是卿彬特意將「秩序」之概念，假〈洪範〉理則，導入宋學的變革成果。雖然受限於傳統，《洛書洪範解》猶有不能自圓其說之處，但卿彬率先講求實質客觀的秩序，無疑為之後的宋學改革，大致探索出一個適切的發展方向。

From the Ming Dynasty to the Qing Dynasty, scholars standing on Song studies, debated with their opponents for up to two hundred years. During the debate, they focused on the studies of Hong Fan from beginning to end. At that time, scholars standing on Song studies must review their theoretical system, then through the studies of Hong Fan, to reform and respond. Therefore, the present study analysis Qing Bin's Commentary on the Hong Fan and the Luoshu, in order to appear the reform of the studies of the Hong Fan under the tradition of Song studies, then give it positioned, to demonstrate its significance in the academic history. Based on the review and integration, there are two main contents of Commentary on the Hong Fan and the Luoshu: according to the Luoshu model explained morality, and comprehended the ＂nine categories＂ by a sequence of ＂five elements＂. These two contents are derived from the concept of order. Qing Bin imported the concept of order into the studies of the Hong Fan, to reform the Song studies. Although limited to the traditional of Song studies, Commentary on the Hong Fan and the Luoshu still has some places cannot be justified. But Qing Bin was the first to emphasize the importance of substantive and objective of the order. Undoubtedly, he opened up the new direction for future reform of the Song studies.