尋找位置－－鴛鴦蝴蝶派作家論

Find the Place-Discussion of the Mandarin Ducks and Butterfly Literary School

鴛鴦蝴蝶派在文學史上是一擁有龐大讀者群的文學派別，在新文學興起之後遭致罵名，被批評為是小說的反動與逆流，在很長的一段期間內遭到鄙薄、貶抑。本文以「尋找位置」為名，認為除了指鴛派在文學史上定位困難外，也是指這批可稱之為近現代文學史上第一批通俗文學作家的路途。不論是職業角色、文壇評價、或是自我定位，鴛鴦蝴蝶派作家所面臨的是一無歷史經驗可依循的現代社會。現代化通俗文化市場的觀念和理論皆尚未成形，可是他們卻成為了培育現代化通俗文學市場的第一線人物。和鴛派作家一樣，新文學陣營的歷史視野同樣還來不及認識現代化社會的需求，便對鴛鴦蝴蝶派採取了激烈謾罵的否定態度。鴛派作家卡在新／舊思維難以統合的困境，以及連自己都無法清楚認知的社會價值中，實無法對自己與其作品有清楚認識，並為自己提出有力辯護。本文乃是以一面臨社會轉型時期的文化角度來觀看中國現代通俗文學作家所面對的時代課題，觀察他們尷尬的位置與心境，理解他們對現代通俗文學市場形成之際所作的敷設工作與價值。

Mandarin Ducks and Butterfly (i.e. love birds) literary school is a literary faction which owns massive fans. However, after the rise of New Literature, it was criticized for a long period of time as the reactionary and countercurrent in the novel history. This article intends to ”Find the Place” for the Mandarin Ducks and Butterfly literary school, because it noticed the difficulty in history positioning of this school, and it considers the writers of the school were the first popular literature writers in modern and contemporary literary history.For professional roles, literary reviews, or self-positioning, the writers of Mandarin Duck and Butterfly literary school were facing a modern society with no historical experience to follow. Nevertheless, they became the pioneers in modern popular literature market when the concepts and theories for modern popular culture market were not yet established. Similarly, the New Literature fiercely and negatively abused the Mandarin Ducks and Butterfly before it got to understand the needs of the modern society on the aspect of history. The Mandarin Ducks and Butterfly couldn't defend for themselves because they were not even able to clarify their works while the environment was transforming and people were confused about the societal value.Considering the culture during societal transformation, this article aims to review the contemporary issues faced by Chinese modern popular literature writers and to observe their awkward position and state of mind, and thus to understand their contribution and value for the development of modern popular literature market.