聖諭宣講之「孝媳惡姑」故事探析－－從姜詩妻到珊瑚

An Investigation into 'Filial Daughter-in-Law and Cruel Mother-in-Law' in 'Sheng Yu Xuan Jiang': From Jiang Shi's Wife to Shanhu

婆媳關係為歷代文學作品常見的敘述主題，而「姑惡」議題引發的女性悲情基調，所造成的家庭影響，所衍生的社會問題，交織出感人警世的人間圖象，在不同時代中傳誦著共通的旋律。聖諭宣講的孝媳惡姑故事中，可推溯出《後漢書．列女傳》「姜詩妻」和《聊齋誌異》「珊瑚」兩則本事，雖然故事來源分屬於東漢時孝子孝媳故事和清代蒲松齡創作的婆媳故事，經過宣講案證故事的編纂重述，兩者已然有所新貌，微妙的情節關連和人物雷同，融合互用的情節取材，不僅足為聖諭宣講文體的特色觀察，更為清代道德思考與倫理衝突的文類例證。將清代聖諭宣講所編寫的姜詩妻和珊瑚故事作為研究對象，置於原始故事文本脈絡中進行對比，條理故事演變的發展次序，發掘聖諭宣講文本對於既有題材的選用立場和編造手法，了解宣講案證故事的社會觀念和教化意圖。對於中國孝媳惡姑故事類型之相關研究，透過聖諭宣講文本之引用，將有另闢蹊徑之新開展。

The mother/daughter-in-law relationship has been a familiar topic in literary works of all the successive dynasties. The ”cruel mother-in-law” theme brings about the basic mood of female sorrows which causes family issues and social problems, and they are woven into the plot of impressive and persuasive moral figures, and have been praised through different era. The stories about filial daughter-in-law and cruel mother-in-law in Sheng Yu Xuan Jiang can be refered to two stories: Jiang Shi's Wife in Lie Nu Zhuan, Hou Han Shu and Shanhu in Liaozhai Zhiyi. Both stories have a new style after being re-edited in Sheng Yu Xuan Jiang, though these two stories come from two different origins: one is the tale about filial son and daughter-in-law in the Eastern Han Dynasty and the other is the mother/daughter-in-law story created by Pu Songling in the Qing Dynasty. The delicate connection between plots, identical characters and fusion of materials are not only sufficient for observing the features of the genre of Sheng Yu Xuan Jiang, but also are illustrations of moral deliberation and ethic conflicts in the Qing dynasty. This research is using Jiang Shi's Wife and Shanhu in Sheng Yu Xuan Jiang as object to compare with the original versions of the tales. It aims to understand the intention for social concepts and moral lesson in Sheng Yu Xuan Jiang through the arrangement of the story sequence, the selection of the texts and editing skills. It gives new insight into researches of Chinese tales of filial daughter-in-law and cruel mother-in-law through the genre of Sheng Yu Xuan Jiang.