從「行為演出」到「心理演出」－－朱西甯60-70年代（早、中期）小說的情節經營

From Behavioral Performance to Psychological Performance-Analysis of the Management of Plots in Xining Zhu's Novels in 1963-1979(His Early and Middle Stages) of Writing

朱西甯長達五十年的寫作歷程，有各自期程的風格和特色。本文以朱西甯最致力於情節處理60-70年代（早、中期）小說為主，剖析其經營手法及呈現效果，以了解其寫作能力的優越處，並歸納出兩種情節傾向及美感屬性。朱西甯的早期小說，最重視情節性、衝突性，塑造出類似古希臘悲劇那種與命運抗爭的人物，以外在的「行為演出」，通過複雜、曲折、艱難的抗爭情節，帶來的閱讀感受是令人「蕩氣迴腸」的效果。中期的大部分小說，轉以「情緒」填補「情節」，情節不求曲折、也不強調衝突，以人物內在的「心理演出」，大量展現一種以意識流活動、綿密情思雜揉而成的拖沓纏綿情調，帶來的閱讀感受是令人捉摸不定的「耽思」效果。至於作品最終呈現之美感屬性，早期是屬張愛玲形容的「悲壯蒼涼」之美，中期則是「優柔朦朧」之美。朱西甯長達五十年的寫作歷程，有各自期程的風格和特色。本文以朱西甯最致力於情節處理的60-70年代（早、中期）小說為主，剖析其經營手法及呈現效果，以了解其寫作能力的優越處，並歸納出兩種情節傾向及美感屬性。

The purpose of this paper is to analyze Xining Zhu's novels, with emphasis on the methodology and effects of the embedded narration, to understand where the superiority of his works is from, and the inclinations of his narrations of different stages in his life time, and his aesthetic attributes as well.Novels in Zhu's earlier period emphasized plots、conflicts、symbolic meaning of scenic objects and visual scenes to create characters like those who fought with the fate in Greek tragedies. Through creating complex and difficult fights, Zhu's fictions gave readers a very touching reading experience. This is what Ailing Chang described as the beauty of solemn and desolation. During the middle period of Zhu's career, most of his novels focused neither on twisting plots nor conflicts. The fictional presentations during this period revealed lingering emotions created by psychological activities and inner emotions. His work in this period showed the beauty of grace and obscured beauty. Zhu used a ”simple” writing craftsmanship in his later works. His works also shifted from artistic focus to moral focus. He replaced the truth and beauty of the format with the virtue in the content.