以急性眼痛為表現的眼部致盲疾病的診斷與處置

Diagnosis And Management of Vision-threatening Diseases Presenting as Acute Painful Eye

在急診室或門診的醫師常會遇到需要診斷與處置以急性眼痛為表現的病患。許多眼部的疾病以急性眼痛為表現，其中有些可能是眼睛致盲的疾病。詳細的疾病史以及身體理學檢查特別是眼角膜、前房、瞳孔，眼底以及腦神經檢查，可幫助診斷病因。本文主要目的在探討以急性眼痛為表現的眼部致盲疾病，如急性隅角閉鎖性青光眼、眼內炎、急性前葡萄膜炎及視神經炎等眼科急症，務必銘記在心。

Physicians in emergency room or outpatient department are required to diagnose and manage patients who present with a symptom as an acute painful eye. A number of ocular diseases may produce an acute painful eye and some of then are vision threatening diseases. A careful history about systemic diseases and physical examination with special attention to the cornea, anterior chamber, pupil, fundus, and cranial nerves will usually delineate the etiology. This paper focuses on ophthalmologic emergencies that presented with acute painful eye, such as acute angle closure glaucoma, endophthalmitis, acute anterior uveitis, and optic neuritis, must be kept in mind.